NSG 4330 MIDTERM UPDATED EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH GUARANTEED PASS
ANSWER : Three Factor Framework The client: level of predictability and
complexity (e.g., teaching vs. ICU), potential for unfavorable results (++ risk
factors?)
The nurse: critical thinking, leadership (knowing one's own skills and
capacities), and decision-making
The environment: resources for consultation, practice support, and
environmental stability and predictability
ANSWER : Coronary Arteries The Rt Coronary Artery rounds to the back and
covers the full Rt side.
The Lt Main Coronary Artery divides into:
Circumflex: surrounds the lateral and posterior left side
Lt Anterior Descending: supplies the Lt ventricle with food
ANSWER S: Systole versus Diastole The aortic and pulmonic valves "lub"
open. The heart must work harder to seal the aortic valve when blood pressure
is high, even though it normally only needs 120 mmHg.
D: "Dub" has the tricuspid and bicuspids open. When the aortic valve is closed,
the coronary arteries fill during diastole.
,Cardiac Output: ANSWER CO = Heart Rate x Stroke Volume
The volume of blood your body expels in a minute
The volume of blood your body expels with each beat is known as the stroke
volume.
The volume of blood in your ventricles before to systole is known as preload.
The contraction improves with increasing stretch (more blood) (elastic band
example).
Low preload may result from dehydration or low blood pressure (although HR
may rise to make up for it).
Afterload: The amount of pressure required for the heart to contract and open a
valve to expel blood (the left ventricle must push against pressure in the aorta to
open a valve; for example, it's easy to open a door, but it's more difficult if
someone is holding it closed).
Higher aortic pressure equals higher valve opening pressure, greater energy,
more oxygen, and a quicker heartbeat.
Chronotropic ANS regulates HR and the rate at which impulses are formed
(cHRonitropic).
ANSWER Conduction Speed Dromotropic ANS Controls
Inotropic ANS Controls: ANSWER Contraction Strength
, ANSWER for Acute Coronary Syndrome Conditions that result in decreased
cardiac blood flow or longer oxygen exposure are referred to by this umbrella
term. Demand-supply imbalance
Angina that is more unstable than stable
STEMI and non-STEMI
Normal CK: ANSWER s 22–198 U/L
ANSWER 0.0 to 0.10 ng/mL is the normal troponin level.
A normal myoglobin level is less than 90 mcg/L.
ANSWER for Unstable Angina new-onset chest discomfort that worsens
without cell death or happens when at rest. Stable angina may develop into
unexpected angina.
Lactic acid builds up (and produces pain) in an unpredictable emergency
scenario where the overworked heart muscle changes to anaerobic metabolism.
ANSWER for Stable Angina angina that is unstable but eventually becomes
predictable. persistent pain without cell death. caused by intense emotion,
temperature, food, and exercise.
NSG ACS Management: ANSWER MONA (morphine, O2, nitro,
ASA/plavix)
O2 if less than 94% Vital signs ECG
Nitro (vasodilator, lowers blood pressure), pain relief, and morphine on demand
ANSWERS WITH GUARANTEED PASS
ANSWER : Three Factor Framework The client: level of predictability and
complexity (e.g., teaching vs. ICU), potential for unfavorable results (++ risk
factors?)
The nurse: critical thinking, leadership (knowing one's own skills and
capacities), and decision-making
The environment: resources for consultation, practice support, and
environmental stability and predictability
ANSWER : Coronary Arteries The Rt Coronary Artery rounds to the back and
covers the full Rt side.
The Lt Main Coronary Artery divides into:
Circumflex: surrounds the lateral and posterior left side
Lt Anterior Descending: supplies the Lt ventricle with food
ANSWER S: Systole versus Diastole The aortic and pulmonic valves "lub"
open. The heart must work harder to seal the aortic valve when blood pressure
is high, even though it normally only needs 120 mmHg.
D: "Dub" has the tricuspid and bicuspids open. When the aortic valve is closed,
the coronary arteries fill during diastole.
,Cardiac Output: ANSWER CO = Heart Rate x Stroke Volume
The volume of blood your body expels in a minute
The volume of blood your body expels with each beat is known as the stroke
volume.
The volume of blood in your ventricles before to systole is known as preload.
The contraction improves with increasing stretch (more blood) (elastic band
example).
Low preload may result from dehydration or low blood pressure (although HR
may rise to make up for it).
Afterload: The amount of pressure required for the heart to contract and open a
valve to expel blood (the left ventricle must push against pressure in the aorta to
open a valve; for example, it's easy to open a door, but it's more difficult if
someone is holding it closed).
Higher aortic pressure equals higher valve opening pressure, greater energy,
more oxygen, and a quicker heartbeat.
Chronotropic ANS regulates HR and the rate at which impulses are formed
(cHRonitropic).
ANSWER Conduction Speed Dromotropic ANS Controls
Inotropic ANS Controls: ANSWER Contraction Strength
, ANSWER for Acute Coronary Syndrome Conditions that result in decreased
cardiac blood flow or longer oxygen exposure are referred to by this umbrella
term. Demand-supply imbalance
Angina that is more unstable than stable
STEMI and non-STEMI
Normal CK: ANSWER s 22–198 U/L
ANSWER 0.0 to 0.10 ng/mL is the normal troponin level.
A normal myoglobin level is less than 90 mcg/L.
ANSWER for Unstable Angina new-onset chest discomfort that worsens
without cell death or happens when at rest. Stable angina may develop into
unexpected angina.
Lactic acid builds up (and produces pain) in an unpredictable emergency
scenario where the overworked heart muscle changes to anaerobic metabolism.
ANSWER for Stable Angina angina that is unstable but eventually becomes
predictable. persistent pain without cell death. caused by intense emotion,
temperature, food, and exercise.
NSG ACS Management: ANSWER MONA (morphine, O2, nitro,
ASA/plavix)
O2 if less than 94% Vital signs ECG
Nitro (vasodilator, lowers blood pressure), pain relief, and morphine on demand
