Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, GBS Questions With
Complete Solutions
1. The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old client diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis. Which clinical manifestation warrants
immediate intervention?
1. The client has scanning speech and diplopia.
2. The client has dysarthria and scotomas.
3. The client has muscle weakness and spasticity.
4. The client has a congested cough and dysphagia. Correct
Answers 4. Dysphagia is a common problem of clients
diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, and this places the client at
risk for aspiration pneumonia. Some clients diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis eventually become immobile and are at risk
for pneumonia.
2. The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS)
states, "I don't understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it
genetic?" On which statement should the nurse base the
response?
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the
disease may be caused by a virus.
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any chromosomal
involvement in developing MS.
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so both
parents had to have the gene for the client to get MS.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant gene
on the Y chromosome, so only fathers can pass it on. Correct
Answers 2. 1. The exact cause of MS is not known, but there is
a theory stating a slow virus is partially responsible. A failure of
a part of the immune system may also be at fault. A genetic
,predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X
may be involved.
3. The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of
numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the
extremities, and double vision which has occurred two (2) times
in the month. Which question is most important for the nurse to
ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual
cycle?"
2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?"
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems
swallowing?"
4. "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent conception?"
Correct Answers 3. These are clinical manifestation of MS and
can go undiagnosed for years be cause of the remitting-relapsing
nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty swallowing are other
symptoms of MS.
4. The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute
exacerbation of multiple sclerosis and finds the client crying.
Which statement is the most therapeutic response for the nurse
to make?
1. "Why are you crying? The medication will help the disease."
2. "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for awhile."
3. "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and bad
times."
4. "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a while."
Correct Answers 2. This is stating a fact and offering self. Both
are therapeutic techniques for conversations.
, 5. The client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is scheduled for a
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the head. Which
information should the nurse teach the client about the test?
1. The client will have wires attached to the scalp and lights will
flash off and on.
2. The machine will be loud and the client must not move the
head during the test.
3. The client will drink a contrast medium 30 minutes to one (1)
hour before the test.
4. The test will be repeated at intervals during a five (5)- to six
(6)-hour period. Correct Answers 2. MRI scans require the
client to lie still and not move the body; the client should be
warned about the loud noise.
6. The 45-year-old client is diagnosed with primary progressive
multiple sclerosis and the nurse writes the nursing diagnosis
"anticipatory grieving related to progressive loss." Which
intervention should be implemented?
1. Consult the physical therapist for assistive devices for
mobility.
2. Determine if the client has a legal power of attorney.
3. Ask if the client would like to talk to the hospital chaplain.
4. Discuss the client's wishes regarding end-of-life care. Correct
Answers 4. The client should make personal choices about end-
of-life issues while it is possible to do so. This client is
progressing toward immobility and all the complications related
to it.
7. The home health nurse is caring for the client newly
diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which client issue is of most
importance?
Complete Solutions
1. The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old client diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis. Which clinical manifestation warrants
immediate intervention?
1. The client has scanning speech and diplopia.
2. The client has dysarthria and scotomas.
3. The client has muscle weakness and spasticity.
4. The client has a congested cough and dysphagia. Correct
Answers 4. Dysphagia is a common problem of clients
diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, and this places the client at
risk for aspiration pneumonia. Some clients diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis eventually become immobile and are at risk
for pneumonia.
2. The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS)
states, "I don't understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it
genetic?" On which statement should the nurse base the
response?
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the
disease may be caused by a virus.
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any chromosomal
involvement in developing MS.
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so both
parents had to have the gene for the client to get MS.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant gene
on the Y chromosome, so only fathers can pass it on. Correct
Answers 2. 1. The exact cause of MS is not known, but there is
a theory stating a slow virus is partially responsible. A failure of
a part of the immune system may also be at fault. A genetic
,predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X
may be involved.
3. The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of
numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the
extremities, and double vision which has occurred two (2) times
in the month. Which question is most important for the nurse to
ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual
cycle?"
2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?"
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems
swallowing?"
4. "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent conception?"
Correct Answers 3. These are clinical manifestation of MS and
can go undiagnosed for years be cause of the remitting-relapsing
nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty swallowing are other
symptoms of MS.
4. The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute
exacerbation of multiple sclerosis and finds the client crying.
Which statement is the most therapeutic response for the nurse
to make?
1. "Why are you crying? The medication will help the disease."
2. "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for awhile."
3. "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and bad
times."
4. "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a while."
Correct Answers 2. This is stating a fact and offering self. Both
are therapeutic techniques for conversations.
, 5. The client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is scheduled for a
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the head. Which
information should the nurse teach the client about the test?
1. The client will have wires attached to the scalp and lights will
flash off and on.
2. The machine will be loud and the client must not move the
head during the test.
3. The client will drink a contrast medium 30 minutes to one (1)
hour before the test.
4. The test will be repeated at intervals during a five (5)- to six
(6)-hour period. Correct Answers 2. MRI scans require the
client to lie still and not move the body; the client should be
warned about the loud noise.
6. The 45-year-old client is diagnosed with primary progressive
multiple sclerosis and the nurse writes the nursing diagnosis
"anticipatory grieving related to progressive loss." Which
intervention should be implemented?
1. Consult the physical therapist for assistive devices for
mobility.
2. Determine if the client has a legal power of attorney.
3. Ask if the client would like to talk to the hospital chaplain.
4. Discuss the client's wishes regarding end-of-life care. Correct
Answers 4. The client should make personal choices about end-
of-life issues while it is possible to do so. This client is
progressing toward immobility and all the complications related
to it.
7. The home health nurse is caring for the client newly
diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which client issue is of most
importance?
