PSYC 387 Learning Psychology Unit 5 Questions With
Complete Solutions
Brad Alford's study of the man who thought he was followed by
a witch is an example of
a) anecdotal evidence
b) the case study method
c) a group design experiment
d) an ABA design experiment Correct Answers d) an ABA
design experiment
CIMT stands for _____________. Correct Answers constraint-
induced movement therapy.
CITM Correct Answers One amazing application of operant
learning procedures is the restoration of function in apparently
paralyzed limbs.
This story begins with laboratory research on loss of limb
function in monkeys. Edward Taub of the University of
Alabama (1977, 1980) found that monkeys failed to recover use
of a limb following what should have been tran- sient paralysis.
He suspected that the failure was due to learning: Using the
injured limb caused pain, loss of balance, and other problems, so
the mon- keys relied on the unaffected limb, and the affected
limb remained useless. The monkey had learned not to use the
affected limb. To test this idea Taub restricted movement of the
normal limb, thereby increasing the reinforcing consequences of
using the defective limb. The result was that the monkeys soon
recovered use of the limb.
This led Taub and others to experiment with the same treatment,
which came to be called constraint-induced movement therapy
, (CIMT), with human stroke victims.Bizarre behavior must
there- fore occur not only when reinforcement is available, but
also at times when reinforcement is unavailable. "In other
words," write Layng and Andronis (1984), "the apparent
absence of maintaining consequences or the presence of aversive
consequences on some occasions, may be requirements that
must be met for reinforcement to be available on other
occasions" (p. 142). I have dubbed this phenomenon
Goldiamond's Paradox. The idea is familiar to every person
who, as a child, got out of going to school by feigning illness: If
you cheered with joy at being allowed to stay home, you were
likely to be sent to school!
David Camp and colleagues found that compared to a 2-second
delay in punishment, a 30-second delay resulted in
a) slightly greater response suppression
b) slightly less response suppression
c) about half as much response suppression
d) about twice as much response suppression Correct Answers
c) about half as much response suppression
differential reinforcement Correct Answers Any operant
training procedure in which certain kinds of behaviour are
systematically reinforced and others are not.
Differential reinforcement is best used in combination
a) punishment
b) negative reinforcement
c) extinction
d) response prevention Correct Answers c) extinction
Complete Solutions
Brad Alford's study of the man who thought he was followed by
a witch is an example of
a) anecdotal evidence
b) the case study method
c) a group design experiment
d) an ABA design experiment Correct Answers d) an ABA
design experiment
CIMT stands for _____________. Correct Answers constraint-
induced movement therapy.
CITM Correct Answers One amazing application of operant
learning procedures is the restoration of function in apparently
paralyzed limbs.
This story begins with laboratory research on loss of limb
function in monkeys. Edward Taub of the University of
Alabama (1977, 1980) found that monkeys failed to recover use
of a limb following what should have been tran- sient paralysis.
He suspected that the failure was due to learning: Using the
injured limb caused pain, loss of balance, and other problems, so
the mon- keys relied on the unaffected limb, and the affected
limb remained useless. The monkey had learned not to use the
affected limb. To test this idea Taub restricted movement of the
normal limb, thereby increasing the reinforcing consequences of
using the defective limb. The result was that the monkeys soon
recovered use of the limb.
This led Taub and others to experiment with the same treatment,
which came to be called constraint-induced movement therapy
, (CIMT), with human stroke victims.Bizarre behavior must
there- fore occur not only when reinforcement is available, but
also at times when reinforcement is unavailable. "In other
words," write Layng and Andronis (1984), "the apparent
absence of maintaining consequences or the presence of aversive
consequences on some occasions, may be requirements that
must be met for reinforcement to be available on other
occasions" (p. 142). I have dubbed this phenomenon
Goldiamond's Paradox. The idea is familiar to every person
who, as a child, got out of going to school by feigning illness: If
you cheered with joy at being allowed to stay home, you were
likely to be sent to school!
David Camp and colleagues found that compared to a 2-second
delay in punishment, a 30-second delay resulted in
a) slightly greater response suppression
b) slightly less response suppression
c) about half as much response suppression
d) about twice as much response suppression Correct Answers
c) about half as much response suppression
differential reinforcement Correct Answers Any operant
training procedure in which certain kinds of behaviour are
systematically reinforced and others are not.
Differential reinforcement is best used in combination
a) punishment
b) negative reinforcement
c) extinction
d) response prevention Correct Answers c) extinction
