Chapter 32 Bio 112 Exam Questions and Verified Answers/Accurate Solutions| Already
Graded A+
1) A researcher is trying to construct a molecular-based phylogeny of the entire animal
kingdom. Assuming that none of the following genes is absolutely conserved, which of the
following would be the best choice on which to base the phylogeny?
A) genes involved in chitin synthesis
B) collagen genes
C) β-catenin genes
D) genes involved in eye-lens synthesis B) collagen genes
2) Which of the following is (are) unique to animals?
A) the structural carbohydrate, chitin
B) nervous system signal conduction and muscular movement
C) heterotrophy
D) flagellated gametes B) nervous system signal conduction and muscular movement
3) The larvae of some insects are merely small versions of the adult, whereas the larvae of
other insects look completely different from adults, eat different foods, and may live in
different habitats. Which of the following is most directly involved in the evolution of these
variations in metamorphosis?
A) artificial selection of sexually immature forms of insects
B) changes in the homeobox genes governing early development
C) the evolution of meiosis
D) the origin of a brain B) changes in the homeobox genes governing early development
4) As you are on the way to Tahiti for a vacation, your plane crash-lands on a previously
undiscovered island. You soon find that the island is teeming with unfamiliar organisms, and
you, as a student of biology, decide to survey them (with the aid of the Insta-Lab Portable
,Laboratory you brought along in your suitcase). You select three organisms and observe them in
detail, making the notations found in the figure above. Which organism would you classify as an
animal?
A) organism A
B) organism B
C) organism C C) organism C
5) Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from
fungal heterotrophy is that most animals derive their nutrition by _____.
A) preying on animals
B) ingesting it
C) consuming living, rather than dead, prey
D) using enzymes to digest their food B) ingesting it
Trichoplax adhaerens (Tp) is the only living species in the phylum Placozoa. Individuals are
about 1 mm wide and only 27 μm high, are irregularly shaped, and consist of a total of about
2000 cells, which are diploid (2n = 12). There are four types of cells, none of which are nerve or
muscle cells, and none of which have cell walls. They move using cilia, and any "edge" can lead.
Tp feeds on marine microbes, mostly unicellular green algae, by crawling atop the algae and
trapping it between its ventral surface and the substrate. Enzymes are then secreted onto the
algae, and the resulting nutrients are absorbed. Tp sperm cells have never been observed, nor
have embryos past the 64-cell (blastula) stage.
6) Which of the following Tp traits is different from all other known animals?
A) Tp is multicellular.
B) Tp lacks muscle and nerve cells.
C) Tp has cilia.
D) Tp lacks cell walls. B) Tp lacks muscle and nerve cells.
7) What do animals ranging from corals to monkeys have in common?
, A) a mouth and an anus
B) number of embryonic tissue layers
C) type of body symmetry
D) presence of Hox genes D) presence of Hox genes
8) In individual insects of some species, whole chromosomes that carry larval genes are
eliminated from the genomes of somatic cells at the time of metamorphosis. A consequence of
this occurrence is that _____.
A) we could not clone a larva from the somatic cells of such an adult insect
B) such species must reproduce only asexually
C) the descendants of these adults do not include a larval stage
D) metamorphosis can no longer occur among the descendents of such adults A) we could
not clone a larva from the somatic cells of such an adult insect
Graded A+
1) A researcher is trying to construct a molecular-based phylogeny of the entire animal
kingdom. Assuming that none of the following genes is absolutely conserved, which of the
following would be the best choice on which to base the phylogeny?
A) genes involved in chitin synthesis
B) collagen genes
C) β-catenin genes
D) genes involved in eye-lens synthesis B) collagen genes
2) Which of the following is (are) unique to animals?
A) the structural carbohydrate, chitin
B) nervous system signal conduction and muscular movement
C) heterotrophy
D) flagellated gametes B) nervous system signal conduction and muscular movement
3) The larvae of some insects are merely small versions of the adult, whereas the larvae of
other insects look completely different from adults, eat different foods, and may live in
different habitats. Which of the following is most directly involved in the evolution of these
variations in metamorphosis?
A) artificial selection of sexually immature forms of insects
B) changes in the homeobox genes governing early development
C) the evolution of meiosis
D) the origin of a brain B) changes in the homeobox genes governing early development
4) As you are on the way to Tahiti for a vacation, your plane crash-lands on a previously
undiscovered island. You soon find that the island is teeming with unfamiliar organisms, and
you, as a student of biology, decide to survey them (with the aid of the Insta-Lab Portable
,Laboratory you brought along in your suitcase). You select three organisms and observe them in
detail, making the notations found in the figure above. Which organism would you classify as an
animal?
A) organism A
B) organism B
C) organism C C) organism C
5) Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from
fungal heterotrophy is that most animals derive their nutrition by _____.
A) preying on animals
B) ingesting it
C) consuming living, rather than dead, prey
D) using enzymes to digest their food B) ingesting it
Trichoplax adhaerens (Tp) is the only living species in the phylum Placozoa. Individuals are
about 1 mm wide and only 27 μm high, are irregularly shaped, and consist of a total of about
2000 cells, which are diploid (2n = 12). There are four types of cells, none of which are nerve or
muscle cells, and none of which have cell walls. They move using cilia, and any "edge" can lead.
Tp feeds on marine microbes, mostly unicellular green algae, by crawling atop the algae and
trapping it between its ventral surface and the substrate. Enzymes are then secreted onto the
algae, and the resulting nutrients are absorbed. Tp sperm cells have never been observed, nor
have embryos past the 64-cell (blastula) stage.
6) Which of the following Tp traits is different from all other known animals?
A) Tp is multicellular.
B) Tp lacks muscle and nerve cells.
C) Tp has cilia.
D) Tp lacks cell walls. B) Tp lacks muscle and nerve cells.
7) What do animals ranging from corals to monkeys have in common?
, A) a mouth and an anus
B) number of embryonic tissue layers
C) type of body symmetry
D) presence of Hox genes D) presence of Hox genes
8) In individual insects of some species, whole chromosomes that carry larval genes are
eliminated from the genomes of somatic cells at the time of metamorphosis. A consequence of
this occurrence is that _____.
A) we could not clone a larva from the somatic cells of such an adult insect
B) such species must reproduce only asexually
C) the descendants of these adults do not include a larval stage
D) metamorphosis can no longer occur among the descendents of such adults A) we could
not clone a larva from the somatic cells of such an adult insect
