GPC F ACTUAL 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔GEOINT support to intelligence planning - ✔✔Geospatial-Intelligence (GEOINT)
supports Intel Planning by providing geo-referenced visual and data products (e.g.,
maps, charts, digital file, imagery, and digital raster or vector information) that serve as
a foundation and common frame of reference for any joint op.
✔✔Situational awareness and GEOINT - ✔✔Provided through the GEOINT operations
process activities and procedures, which includes:
- Direction, planning, and requirements management
- Discovering & obtaining GEOINT
- Tasking & collecting
- Processing & exploitation
- Analysis, production, & visualization
- Value added
- Dissemination, sharing, and storage
✔✔GEOINT data retrieval and research techniques - ✔✔NIL, IDS-D, BRITE, NWIL, IPL,
CIL, UNIL, MCGIL, CRS, CSIL, CALA
✔✔GEOINT software applications functionalities - ✔✔IESS
NES
IEC
CAWS
RSS
✔✔Functionalities of imagery exploitation system tools - ✔✔RemoteView - aids in
remote sensing using satellite or aerial images of the Earth's surface
ArcGIS - a GIS for working with maps and geospatial information. It is used for: creating
and using maps; compiling geographic data; analyzing mapped information; sharing and
discovering geographic information; using maps and geographic information in a range
of applications; and managing geographic information in a database
SOCET GXP - a software application that performs a variety of functions related to
photogrammetry
✔✔Tools for exploring, discovering, and querying GEOINT data - ✔✔- NIPRNet
- SIPRNet
- JWICS
- StoneGhost
- Intelink
- Modernized Integrated Database (MIDB)
✔✔Use of sensor phenomenology - ✔✔Sensor phenomenology is the study and use of
sensor technology, literal and non-literal, which allows discovery, observation, and
,characterization of natural occurring and measurable occurrences (spatial, spectral,
radiometric and temporal).
GEOINT can create a Common Operational Picture (COP) of a specific area by
effectively using multiple and advanced sensors, multiple types of data and information
as well as multiple intelligence disciplines (INTs) to present a comprehensive visual
depiction.
✔✔GEOINT target types - ✔✔Broad Area Search (BAS)
Directed Search Area (DSA)
Lines of Communication (LoC)
Point Target
Mapping, charting, and geodesy
✔✔Principles for tasking assets - ✔✔Airborne systems - Managed by the Services and
tasked at the theater level and below.
✔✔Foundation Imagery Processing - ✔✔Triangulation - the measurement of the angles
of a series of triangles.
Imagery correlation - the mutual relationship between the different signatures on
imagery from different types of sensors in terms of position and the physical
characteristics signified.
Orthorectification - the process of removing the effects of image perspective (tilt) and
relief (terrain) effects for the purpose of creating a plan metrically correct image.
Mosaic - the process of merging multiple images together using data points.
Stereoscopy - a technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by
means of stereopsis for binocular vision.
✔✔Imagery analysis - ✔✔The science of converting information, extracted from
imagery, into intelligence about activities, issues, objects, installations, and/or Areas of
Interest (AOI).
✔✔Principles of imagery analysis - ✔✔The visual clues provided by imagery can be
grouped into eight categories: Size, Shape, Shadow, Tone, Texture, Pattern, Location
and Associations.
✔✔Processes of imagery analysis - ✔✔Detection, identification, and evaluation.
✔✔GPE (acronym) - ✔✔Geospatial Preparation of the Environment
✔✔Geospatial Preparation of the Environment (GPE) process - ✔✔- Define the
environment (sets foundation)
- Describe the environment's influence
- Evaluate threats and hazards
- Develop analytic conclusions
, ✔✔Importance of historical GEOINT research - ✔✔Intelligence and information
products consisting of text and graphics produced by image analysts to establish a
snapshot of historic events of the region/facility of interest. These reports are then
compared by analysts to determine the progress of specific events.
✔✔Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - ✔✔Computer based systems that deal with
the capture, storage, representation, visualization, and analysis of info that pertains to a
particular location on the Earth's surface.
✔✔Operations associated with a GIS - ✔✔Cartography, land management, computer
science, urban planning, and landscape architecture.
✔✔Functions of a GIS - ✔✔Data entry, editing, data management, analysis,
spatial/attribute queries, interpolation, connectivity, proximity and adjacency, buffering,
terrain analyses, boundary dissolve, spatial data overlay, moving window analyses, map
algebra, and output
✔✔Components of a GIS - ✔✔Hardware
- Fast computer w/ large storage
- High-quality large display
Software
- Manage, analyze
- Effectively display, disseminate
Data
- Any level or type of data that is derived from remote sensing, mapping and/or
surveying technologies and references a geographic location
- Organizational products
- Provide the format and details on how the products will be displayed
✔✔Utility of spatial statistics - ✔✔Statistics give the ability to describe a large amount of
data with a single number. Statistics uses two basic categories of measure: central
tendency and dispersion.
✔✔Bathymetry (definition) - ✔✔The study of underwater depth of lake or ocean floors.
In other words, the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography.
✔✔Cartographic principles used in analytical processes and techniques - ✔✔A map
provides information on the existence of, the location of, and the distance between
ground features such as populated places and routes of travel and communication. It
also indicates variations in terrain, heights of natural features, and the extent of
vegetation cover. With our military forces dispersed throughout the world, it is necessary
to rely on maps to provide information to our combat elements and to resolve logistical
operations far from our shores.
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔GEOINT support to intelligence planning - ✔✔Geospatial-Intelligence (GEOINT)
supports Intel Planning by providing geo-referenced visual and data products (e.g.,
maps, charts, digital file, imagery, and digital raster or vector information) that serve as
a foundation and common frame of reference for any joint op.
✔✔Situational awareness and GEOINT - ✔✔Provided through the GEOINT operations
process activities and procedures, which includes:
- Direction, planning, and requirements management
- Discovering & obtaining GEOINT
- Tasking & collecting
- Processing & exploitation
- Analysis, production, & visualization
- Value added
- Dissemination, sharing, and storage
✔✔GEOINT data retrieval and research techniques - ✔✔NIL, IDS-D, BRITE, NWIL, IPL,
CIL, UNIL, MCGIL, CRS, CSIL, CALA
✔✔GEOINT software applications functionalities - ✔✔IESS
NES
IEC
CAWS
RSS
✔✔Functionalities of imagery exploitation system tools - ✔✔RemoteView - aids in
remote sensing using satellite or aerial images of the Earth's surface
ArcGIS - a GIS for working with maps and geospatial information. It is used for: creating
and using maps; compiling geographic data; analyzing mapped information; sharing and
discovering geographic information; using maps and geographic information in a range
of applications; and managing geographic information in a database
SOCET GXP - a software application that performs a variety of functions related to
photogrammetry
✔✔Tools for exploring, discovering, and querying GEOINT data - ✔✔- NIPRNet
- SIPRNet
- JWICS
- StoneGhost
- Intelink
- Modernized Integrated Database (MIDB)
✔✔Use of sensor phenomenology - ✔✔Sensor phenomenology is the study and use of
sensor technology, literal and non-literal, which allows discovery, observation, and
,characterization of natural occurring and measurable occurrences (spatial, spectral,
radiometric and temporal).
GEOINT can create a Common Operational Picture (COP) of a specific area by
effectively using multiple and advanced sensors, multiple types of data and information
as well as multiple intelligence disciplines (INTs) to present a comprehensive visual
depiction.
✔✔GEOINT target types - ✔✔Broad Area Search (BAS)
Directed Search Area (DSA)
Lines of Communication (LoC)
Point Target
Mapping, charting, and geodesy
✔✔Principles for tasking assets - ✔✔Airborne systems - Managed by the Services and
tasked at the theater level and below.
✔✔Foundation Imagery Processing - ✔✔Triangulation - the measurement of the angles
of a series of triangles.
Imagery correlation - the mutual relationship between the different signatures on
imagery from different types of sensors in terms of position and the physical
characteristics signified.
Orthorectification - the process of removing the effects of image perspective (tilt) and
relief (terrain) effects for the purpose of creating a plan metrically correct image.
Mosaic - the process of merging multiple images together using data points.
Stereoscopy - a technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by
means of stereopsis for binocular vision.
✔✔Imagery analysis - ✔✔The science of converting information, extracted from
imagery, into intelligence about activities, issues, objects, installations, and/or Areas of
Interest (AOI).
✔✔Principles of imagery analysis - ✔✔The visual clues provided by imagery can be
grouped into eight categories: Size, Shape, Shadow, Tone, Texture, Pattern, Location
and Associations.
✔✔Processes of imagery analysis - ✔✔Detection, identification, and evaluation.
✔✔GPE (acronym) - ✔✔Geospatial Preparation of the Environment
✔✔Geospatial Preparation of the Environment (GPE) process - ✔✔- Define the
environment (sets foundation)
- Describe the environment's influence
- Evaluate threats and hazards
- Develop analytic conclusions
, ✔✔Importance of historical GEOINT research - ✔✔Intelligence and information
products consisting of text and graphics produced by image analysts to establish a
snapshot of historic events of the region/facility of interest. These reports are then
compared by analysts to determine the progress of specific events.
✔✔Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - ✔✔Computer based systems that deal with
the capture, storage, representation, visualization, and analysis of info that pertains to a
particular location on the Earth's surface.
✔✔Operations associated with a GIS - ✔✔Cartography, land management, computer
science, urban planning, and landscape architecture.
✔✔Functions of a GIS - ✔✔Data entry, editing, data management, analysis,
spatial/attribute queries, interpolation, connectivity, proximity and adjacency, buffering,
terrain analyses, boundary dissolve, spatial data overlay, moving window analyses, map
algebra, and output
✔✔Components of a GIS - ✔✔Hardware
- Fast computer w/ large storage
- High-quality large display
Software
- Manage, analyze
- Effectively display, disseminate
Data
- Any level or type of data that is derived from remote sensing, mapping and/or
surveying technologies and references a geographic location
- Organizational products
- Provide the format and details on how the products will be displayed
✔✔Utility of spatial statistics - ✔✔Statistics give the ability to describe a large amount of
data with a single number. Statistics uses two basic categories of measure: central
tendency and dispersion.
✔✔Bathymetry (definition) - ✔✔The study of underwater depth of lake or ocean floors.
In other words, the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography.
✔✔Cartographic principles used in analytical processes and techniques - ✔✔A map
provides information on the existence of, the location of, and the distance between
ground features such as populated places and routes of travel and communication. It
also indicates variations in terrain, heights of natural features, and the extent of
vegetation cover. With our military forces dispersed throughout the world, it is necessary
to rely on maps to provide information to our combat elements and to resolve logistical
operations far from our shores.
