100% CORRECT WELL DETAILED
Longitudinal study design - ANSWER Follows individuals over a long period of time
with multiple assessment points.
Advantages of longitudinal studies: - ANSWER Phenomenon developmental or
inherent within an individual
Explore change over time vs. remain stable
Examples of longitudinal study design: - ANSWER Children asked about social groups
at ages 10, 13, and 15.
Disadvantages to longitudinal studies: - ANSWER Longer: more time and resources
needed
Time commitment from participants (drop out)
Cross-sectional study - ANSWER Compares different age groups at the same time.
Examples of cross-sectional study: - ANSWER Three groups of children and teens who
are asked about social groups.
Advantages of cross-sectional studies: - ANSWER Faster and cheaper
Less likely to drop out
Disadvantages to cross-sectional studies: - ANSWER Doesn't follow over time
1
, Doesn't observe development
Types of research design: - ANSWER 1) Naturalistic Observation
2) Case Study
3) Survey
4) Correlation Research
5) Experiments
Naturalistic observation - ANSWER Method where subject is observed in a natural
location.
Naturalistic observation example: - ANSWER Observation at school, park, coffee shop
Pros/Cons to naturalistic observation: - ANSWER P: observing natural behavior
C: only accessing behavior observed
Case study - ANSWER Method involving direct observation and interviewing the
participant in great detail.
Pros/Cons to case studies: - ANSWER P: receive detailed information
C: subjective and can generalize
Survey - ANSWER a technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors
of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group
Pros/cons of surveys: - ANSWER P: efficient, involvement
C: self report measures
2
Longitudinal study design - ANSWER Follows individuals over a long period of time
with multiple assessment points.
Advantages of longitudinal studies: - ANSWER Phenomenon developmental or
inherent within an individual
Explore change over time vs. remain stable
Examples of longitudinal study design: - ANSWER Children asked about social groups
at ages 10, 13, and 15.
Disadvantages to longitudinal studies: - ANSWER Longer: more time and resources
needed
Time commitment from participants (drop out)
Cross-sectional study - ANSWER Compares different age groups at the same time.
Examples of cross-sectional study: - ANSWER Three groups of children and teens who
are asked about social groups.
Advantages of cross-sectional studies: - ANSWER Faster and cheaper
Less likely to drop out
Disadvantages to cross-sectional studies: - ANSWER Doesn't follow over time
1
, Doesn't observe development
Types of research design: - ANSWER 1) Naturalistic Observation
2) Case Study
3) Survey
4) Correlation Research
5) Experiments
Naturalistic observation - ANSWER Method where subject is observed in a natural
location.
Naturalistic observation example: - ANSWER Observation at school, park, coffee shop
Pros/Cons to naturalistic observation: - ANSWER P: observing natural behavior
C: only accessing behavior observed
Case study - ANSWER Method involving direct observation and interviewing the
participant in great detail.
Pros/Cons to case studies: - ANSWER P: receive detailed information
C: subjective and can generalize
Survey - ANSWER a technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors
of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group
Pros/cons of surveys: - ANSWER P: efficient, involvement
C: self report measures
2
