BIO 245 LATEST 2026 CORE EXAM TEST QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Which aerotolerance category includes bacteria that can grow in the presence or
absence of oxygen? - ✔✔Facultative anaerobes
✔✔Which type of symbiotic relationship is characterized by a population that is
benefitted, while the other population is harmed? - ✔✔Parasitism
✔✔Gram positive bacteria are classified based on their cell wall staining and _______
content. - ✔✔guanine and cytosine
✔✔The human microbiome includes ______ microbiota that are temporarily found in the
human body and include human pathogens. - ✔✔transient
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a class represented in the phylum Proteobacteria? -
✔✔Zetaproteobacteria
✔✔Which class includes gram-positive organism with low G+C content in their DNA? -
✔✔Bacilli
✔✔Which informal protist group includes eukaryotic organisms that are "plant-like"? -
✔✔Protophyta
✔✔cyst - ✔✔dormant, stress resistant life cycle
✔✔phytoplankton - ✔✔photosynthetic plankton
✔✔encystment - ✔✔conversion of trophozoite to a cysts
✔✔schizogony - ✔✔multiple division of nuclei and cells
✔✔syngamy - ✔✔fusion of sexual gametes
✔✔cytosome - ✔✔cellular mouth for phagocytosis/ingestion
✔✔holozoic ingestion - ✔✔phagocytosis of whole food particle
✔✔trypansoma cruzi - ✔✔causative agent of chagas disease
✔✔Which of the following structures are short, hair-like extensions that allow wave-like
motion of protozoans? - ✔✔cilia
,✔✔Trypanosoma brucei is transmitted via the biological vector - ✔✔Tsetse fly
✔✔Which is the causative agent of the most severe form of malaria? - ✔✔Plasmodium
falciparum
✔✔Monoecuious - ✔✔contains both male and female reproductive organisms
✔✔trematoda - ✔✔class within the phylum platyhelminths
✔✔dioecious - ✔✔contains either male or female reproductive organs
✔✔scolex - ✔✔head region of cestodes that can contain suckers or hooks for
attachment
✔✔proglottids - ✔✔segments that contain reproductive structures of tapeworms
✔✔taenia solium - ✔✔transmitted via ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork
or ingestion of eggs.
✔✔Which of the following is described as a mass of branching hyphae? - ✔✔Mycelium
✔✔A dimorphic fungi is a(n)______ yeast at the physiological body
temperature_______ of (in Celsius). - ✔✔unicellular
37 C
✔✔Which of the following is the main composition of a fungal cell wall? - ✔✔Chitin
✔✔Which of the following represents a detrimental impact of fungal organisms? -
✔✔Mycoses
✔✔septate - ✔✔dividing wall that partition hyphae into individuals cells
✔✔hyphae - ✔✔long branching filamentous structure for vegetative growth
✔✔plasmogamy - ✔✔cytoplasmic fusion of + and - type gametes
✔✔karyogamy - ✔✔nuclei fusion to create a diploid zygote
✔✔spore - ✔✔a reproductive haploid cell produced sexually or asexually
✔✔mitosis - ✔✔form of asexual reproduction
, ✔✔Which of the following represents a harmful impact of algae? - ✔✔Algal bloom (red
tide) caused by significant dinoflagellate growth
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a marine algal group? - ✔✔yellow algae
✔✔A lichen is composed of two organismal partners that include a green
algae/cyanobacterium and a _____. - ✔✔fungus
✔✔A ________ lichen is characterized by its leaf-like appearance. - ✔✔foliose
✔✔Which of the following does NOT accurately characterize a virus? - ✔✔Contains
both DNA and RNA
✔✔Bacteriophage - ✔✔virus that infects bacteria
✔✔tissue tropism - ✔✔organism infects specific tissue/cells within host organsim
✔✔biological vector - ✔✔an arthropod/insect that carries pathogen inside its body and
transmits via biting host
✔✔mechanical vector - ✔✔an arthropod/insect that carries pathogen outside its body
and transmits via physical contact
✔✔reverse zoonoses - ✔✔infection of an animal by a human
✔✔capsomeres - ✔✔viral capsid subunits
✔✔virion - ✔✔viral particles
✔✔viral envelope - ✔✔can be intracellular or cytoplasmic orgin
✔✔The two formal viral classification systems include International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and ________ Classification. - ✔✔baltimore
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a viral capsid shape? - ✔✔Spirochete
✔✔Which of the following represents the sequential steps of the lytic viral cycle? -
✔✔Attachment, Penetration, Biosynthesis, Maturation, Lysis
✔✔_____transduction involves a ______ transfer of a random piece of bacterial DNA
packaged within a viral capsid - ✔✔generalized
horizontal
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Which aerotolerance category includes bacteria that can grow in the presence or
absence of oxygen? - ✔✔Facultative anaerobes
✔✔Which type of symbiotic relationship is characterized by a population that is
benefitted, while the other population is harmed? - ✔✔Parasitism
✔✔Gram positive bacteria are classified based on their cell wall staining and _______
content. - ✔✔guanine and cytosine
✔✔The human microbiome includes ______ microbiota that are temporarily found in the
human body and include human pathogens. - ✔✔transient
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a class represented in the phylum Proteobacteria? -
✔✔Zetaproteobacteria
✔✔Which class includes gram-positive organism with low G+C content in their DNA? -
✔✔Bacilli
✔✔Which informal protist group includes eukaryotic organisms that are "plant-like"? -
✔✔Protophyta
✔✔cyst - ✔✔dormant, stress resistant life cycle
✔✔phytoplankton - ✔✔photosynthetic plankton
✔✔encystment - ✔✔conversion of trophozoite to a cysts
✔✔schizogony - ✔✔multiple division of nuclei and cells
✔✔syngamy - ✔✔fusion of sexual gametes
✔✔cytosome - ✔✔cellular mouth for phagocytosis/ingestion
✔✔holozoic ingestion - ✔✔phagocytosis of whole food particle
✔✔trypansoma cruzi - ✔✔causative agent of chagas disease
✔✔Which of the following structures are short, hair-like extensions that allow wave-like
motion of protozoans? - ✔✔cilia
,✔✔Trypanosoma brucei is transmitted via the biological vector - ✔✔Tsetse fly
✔✔Which is the causative agent of the most severe form of malaria? - ✔✔Plasmodium
falciparum
✔✔Monoecuious - ✔✔contains both male and female reproductive organisms
✔✔trematoda - ✔✔class within the phylum platyhelminths
✔✔dioecious - ✔✔contains either male or female reproductive organs
✔✔scolex - ✔✔head region of cestodes that can contain suckers or hooks for
attachment
✔✔proglottids - ✔✔segments that contain reproductive structures of tapeworms
✔✔taenia solium - ✔✔transmitted via ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork
or ingestion of eggs.
✔✔Which of the following is described as a mass of branching hyphae? - ✔✔Mycelium
✔✔A dimorphic fungi is a(n)______ yeast at the physiological body
temperature_______ of (in Celsius). - ✔✔unicellular
37 C
✔✔Which of the following is the main composition of a fungal cell wall? - ✔✔Chitin
✔✔Which of the following represents a detrimental impact of fungal organisms? -
✔✔Mycoses
✔✔septate - ✔✔dividing wall that partition hyphae into individuals cells
✔✔hyphae - ✔✔long branching filamentous structure for vegetative growth
✔✔plasmogamy - ✔✔cytoplasmic fusion of + and - type gametes
✔✔karyogamy - ✔✔nuclei fusion to create a diploid zygote
✔✔spore - ✔✔a reproductive haploid cell produced sexually or asexually
✔✔mitosis - ✔✔form of asexual reproduction
, ✔✔Which of the following represents a harmful impact of algae? - ✔✔Algal bloom (red
tide) caused by significant dinoflagellate growth
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a marine algal group? - ✔✔yellow algae
✔✔A lichen is composed of two organismal partners that include a green
algae/cyanobacterium and a _____. - ✔✔fungus
✔✔A ________ lichen is characterized by its leaf-like appearance. - ✔✔foliose
✔✔Which of the following does NOT accurately characterize a virus? - ✔✔Contains
both DNA and RNA
✔✔Bacteriophage - ✔✔virus that infects bacteria
✔✔tissue tropism - ✔✔organism infects specific tissue/cells within host organsim
✔✔biological vector - ✔✔an arthropod/insect that carries pathogen inside its body and
transmits via biting host
✔✔mechanical vector - ✔✔an arthropod/insect that carries pathogen outside its body
and transmits via physical contact
✔✔reverse zoonoses - ✔✔infection of an animal by a human
✔✔capsomeres - ✔✔viral capsid subunits
✔✔virion - ✔✔viral particles
✔✔viral envelope - ✔✔can be intracellular or cytoplasmic orgin
✔✔The two formal viral classification systems include International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and ________ Classification. - ✔✔baltimore
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a viral capsid shape? - ✔✔Spirochete
✔✔Which of the following represents the sequential steps of the lytic viral cycle? -
✔✔Attachment, Penetration, Biosynthesis, Maturation, Lysis
✔✔_____transduction involves a ______ transfer of a random piece of bacterial DNA
packaged within a viral capsid - ✔✔generalized
horizontal
