BIO 351 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2026/2027 | GRADED A+.
What is the genomic signal that tells the cell to start transcription ? - ANSWER
promoter
What is the genomic signal that tells the cell to start translation? - ANSWER
AUG start codon
Which of the following is a correct statement about enhancers?
a) 5'-3' orientation is important for function
b) they are positioned 5' of the promoter
c) they are within 10 kb of the coding sequences
d) they regulate translational efficiency
e) transcription factors bind to them - ANSWER transcription factors bind to
them
myostatin promotes/inhibits myogenesis - ANSWER inhibits
What is the sequence of developmental events that give rise to a cell with a
particular differentiated cell type?
A. determination, differentiation, specification
B. differentiation, specification, determinati
C. differentiation, determination, specification
D. specification, determination, differentiation - ANSWER specification,
determination, differentiation
,Which one of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Cell fates are reversible after specification.
B. During autonomous specification, cells require
communication with surrounding cells for commitment to
a fate.
C. Differentiation involves changes in gene expression,
morphology, and function.
D. Cell fates are irreversible after determination - ANSWER False - During
autonomous specification, cells require communication with surrounding cells
for commitment to a fate
Asymmetric cell division describes which of the
following?
A. Normal cell division.
B. A property of fully differentiated cells.
C. Meiosis
-
renewal. - ANSWER A property of stem cells that ensures self -
renewal
- A cell division that produces unequal daughter cells.
Which of the following best describes the most important properties of the
Yamanaka factors for iPSC generation?
A. Viral proteins that induce pluripotency.
B. Signaling receptors in trophoblasts.
, C. Multipotential
D. Pioneering transcription factors expressed in ES cells. - ANSWER
Pioneering transcription factors expressed in ES cells.
What is the expected result when siRNA is
used in a cell?
A. It reduces expression of a specific protein.
B. It reduces transcription rate of a specific gene.
C. It directly binds to DNA in the nucleus.
D. It enhances expression of a specific gene. - ANSWER It reduces expression
of a specific protein
A plasmid is which of the following?
A. Circular extrachromosomal DNA
B. A chromosome
C. A protein
D. A bacteria - ANSWER Circular extrachromosomal DNA
You are making a transgene, where do you
predict it will integrate into the genome?
A. At a specific gene locus.
B. A random chromosomal location
C. On a plasmid
D. It does not integrate - ANSWER A random chromosomal location
Which of the following is a true statement about a
ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2026/2027 | GRADED A+.
What is the genomic signal that tells the cell to start transcription ? - ANSWER
promoter
What is the genomic signal that tells the cell to start translation? - ANSWER
AUG start codon
Which of the following is a correct statement about enhancers?
a) 5'-3' orientation is important for function
b) they are positioned 5' of the promoter
c) they are within 10 kb of the coding sequences
d) they regulate translational efficiency
e) transcription factors bind to them - ANSWER transcription factors bind to
them
myostatin promotes/inhibits myogenesis - ANSWER inhibits
What is the sequence of developmental events that give rise to a cell with a
particular differentiated cell type?
A. determination, differentiation, specification
B. differentiation, specification, determinati
C. differentiation, determination, specification
D. specification, determination, differentiation - ANSWER specification,
determination, differentiation
,Which one of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Cell fates are reversible after specification.
B. During autonomous specification, cells require
communication with surrounding cells for commitment to
a fate.
C. Differentiation involves changes in gene expression,
morphology, and function.
D. Cell fates are irreversible after determination - ANSWER False - During
autonomous specification, cells require communication with surrounding cells
for commitment to a fate
Asymmetric cell division describes which of the
following?
A. Normal cell division.
B. A property of fully differentiated cells.
C. Meiosis
-
renewal. - ANSWER A property of stem cells that ensures self -
renewal
- A cell division that produces unequal daughter cells.
Which of the following best describes the most important properties of the
Yamanaka factors for iPSC generation?
A. Viral proteins that induce pluripotency.
B. Signaling receptors in trophoblasts.
, C. Multipotential
D. Pioneering transcription factors expressed in ES cells. - ANSWER
Pioneering transcription factors expressed in ES cells.
What is the expected result when siRNA is
used in a cell?
A. It reduces expression of a specific protein.
B. It reduces transcription rate of a specific gene.
C. It directly binds to DNA in the nucleus.
D. It enhances expression of a specific gene. - ANSWER It reduces expression
of a specific protein
A plasmid is which of the following?
A. Circular extrachromosomal DNA
B. A chromosome
C. A protein
D. A bacteria - ANSWER Circular extrachromosomal DNA
You are making a transgene, where do you
predict it will integrate into the genome?
A. At a specific gene locus.
B. A random chromosomal location
C. On a plasmid
D. It does not integrate - ANSWER A random chromosomal location
Which of the following is a true statement about a
