Global Health Midterm! Exam Questions And Answers
Globalization - ANSWER -is the system of different countries globally of becoming more desegregated
and people become more dependent on each other via cultural, political, economic, or other fields. In
other words, the quality of life is often improved under globalization.
What is Health? - ANSWER -a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity
Ideal Health Trajectory: - ANSWER -An ideal health trajectory begins with a consenting adult becoming
pregnant and that pregnancy leading to an uneventful full-term delivery of a healthy newborn. After
birth, the ideal health trajectory continues with that healthy infant growing into adulthood without
experiencing serious infections, injuries, or illnesses, and that adult remaining healthy and active for
many decades. Because everyone eventually dies, the ideal health trajectory ends in very old age with a
gentle death that is not preceded by months or years of disability and pain. However, few people
achieve this ideal pathway.
Global Health - ANSWER -Collaborative actions taken to identify and address transnational concerns
about the exposures and diseases that adversely affect human populations. Global health is about an
international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
-- Health of populations, across nations, continents, and countries.
The goals of global health in the 21st century are - ANSWER -to continue to create innovative solutions
to public health problems; to increase access to health, healthcare services, and health technologies
around the world; and to expand global communication and action about shared health concerns.
The PACES definition of global health = - ANSWER -one that considers populations, action, cooperation,
equity, and security to be identifiers of global health issues—also provides a framework for prioritizing
items for the global health agenda.
THESE ARE ALL COLLABORATIVE ACTIONS.
,Populations - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: The exposures and diseases that affect the largest numbers of
people in diverse geographic regions.
EX. Assessing health metrics and determining conditions that cause the majority of deaths;
cardiovascular disease; unsafe drinking water leading to diarrheal diseases.
Action - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Effective, low-cost interventions that prevent illness and injury, diagnose
and treat diseases, and alleviate suffering,
EX. Primary care and community based prevention and treatment; food access; HIV medication.
Cooperation - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Concerns that must be addresses via worldwide efforts and sharing
of knowledge, tools, and resources.
EX. Evaluation of toxins and pathogens that are crossing borders.
Equity - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Addressing health inequities.
EX. Calling attention to health needs of the most vulnerable; neglected tropical diseases; mental health
disorders.
Security - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Addressing health issues likely to contribute to political and economic
stability and conflict.
EX. Violence, epidemics, etc. that may impact the stability of a country and its citizens.
Two of the most prominent voices in global health in the 21st century are: - ANSWER -medicine and
public health.
Medicine: - ANSWER -focuses on preventing, diagnosing, and treating health problems in individuals and
families. For thousands of years, various types of health practitioners in cultures across the globe have
cared for people with health concerns.
,Public Health - ANSWER -Focuses on promoting health and preventing illnesses, injuries, and early
deaths at the population level by identifying and mitigating environmental hazards, promoting healthy
behaviors, ensuring access to essential health services, and taking other actions to protect the health,
safety, and well-being of groups of people.
Medicine focuses more on ____________ while Public Health focuses on ____________ - ANSWER -
Treatment
Prevention
Medicine deals more with - ANSWER -Individuals
Families
Communities
Whereas Public Health deals more with - ANSWER -Nations
States/Provinces
Communities
Public Health deals more with ___________, and Medicine with __________ - ANSWER -Prevention ,
Treatment
Ultimately , Prevention > Treatment
However, Collaborative action goes beyond Medicine and Public Health... - ANSWER -- Politicians and
world leaders who set laws, priorities, etc.
- Transporters of goods and services
- Laws and regulations themselves -- policies
- Individuals
Types of Prevention: - ANSWER -3 levels with target populations and goals - the further down you go,
the more it goes with medicine instead of public health
, Primary Prevention - ANSWER -Also called: Prevention
Target Population: People without disease
Goal: Prevent disease from ever occurring
EX. Vaccination; Vitamin A to prevent blindness
-- In general, low-cost primary prevention activities are the most cost-effective interventions.
Secondary Prevention - ANSWER -Also called: Early Diagnosis
Target Population: People with early, non-symptomatic disease
Goal: Reduce severity; prevent disability and death
EX. BP check routinely; Mammography screening
Tertiary Prevention - ANSWER -Also called: Treatment and Rehabilitation
Target Population: People with symptomatic disease
Goal: Reduce impairment; minimize suffering
EX. Teeth extraction; Physical therapy to injured; chemo
International Health - ANSWER -Health initiatives targeted toward addressing poverty-related conditions
in lower-income countries.
What are some examples of how globalization has impacted health? - ANSWER -Inevitability or need for
global health efforts, as opposed to isolationist health efforts.
Globalization and Global Health: - ANSWER -Globalization has lead to the need for Global Health but also
allows for Global Health.
Globalization - ANSWER -is the system of different countries globally of becoming more desegregated
and people become more dependent on each other via cultural, political, economic, or other fields. In
other words, the quality of life is often improved under globalization.
What is Health? - ANSWER -a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity
Ideal Health Trajectory: - ANSWER -An ideal health trajectory begins with a consenting adult becoming
pregnant and that pregnancy leading to an uneventful full-term delivery of a healthy newborn. After
birth, the ideal health trajectory continues with that healthy infant growing into adulthood without
experiencing serious infections, injuries, or illnesses, and that adult remaining healthy and active for
many decades. Because everyone eventually dies, the ideal health trajectory ends in very old age with a
gentle death that is not preceded by months or years of disability and pain. However, few people
achieve this ideal pathway.
Global Health - ANSWER -Collaborative actions taken to identify and address transnational concerns
about the exposures and diseases that adversely affect human populations. Global health is about an
international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
-- Health of populations, across nations, continents, and countries.
The goals of global health in the 21st century are - ANSWER -to continue to create innovative solutions
to public health problems; to increase access to health, healthcare services, and health technologies
around the world; and to expand global communication and action about shared health concerns.
The PACES definition of global health = - ANSWER -one that considers populations, action, cooperation,
equity, and security to be identifiers of global health issues—also provides a framework for prioritizing
items for the global health agenda.
THESE ARE ALL COLLABORATIVE ACTIONS.
,Populations - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: The exposures and diseases that affect the largest numbers of
people in diverse geographic regions.
EX. Assessing health metrics and determining conditions that cause the majority of deaths;
cardiovascular disease; unsafe drinking water leading to diarrheal diseases.
Action - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Effective, low-cost interventions that prevent illness and injury, diagnose
and treat diseases, and alleviate suffering,
EX. Primary care and community based prevention and treatment; food access; HIV medication.
Cooperation - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Concerns that must be addresses via worldwide efforts and sharing
of knowledge, tools, and resources.
EX. Evaluation of toxins and pathogens that are crossing borders.
Equity - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Addressing health inequities.
EX. Calling attention to health needs of the most vulnerable; neglected tropical diseases; mental health
disorders.
Security - ANSWER -FOCUS ON: Addressing health issues likely to contribute to political and economic
stability and conflict.
EX. Violence, epidemics, etc. that may impact the stability of a country and its citizens.
Two of the most prominent voices in global health in the 21st century are: - ANSWER -medicine and
public health.
Medicine: - ANSWER -focuses on preventing, diagnosing, and treating health problems in individuals and
families. For thousands of years, various types of health practitioners in cultures across the globe have
cared for people with health concerns.
,Public Health - ANSWER -Focuses on promoting health and preventing illnesses, injuries, and early
deaths at the population level by identifying and mitigating environmental hazards, promoting healthy
behaviors, ensuring access to essential health services, and taking other actions to protect the health,
safety, and well-being of groups of people.
Medicine focuses more on ____________ while Public Health focuses on ____________ - ANSWER -
Treatment
Prevention
Medicine deals more with - ANSWER -Individuals
Families
Communities
Whereas Public Health deals more with - ANSWER -Nations
States/Provinces
Communities
Public Health deals more with ___________, and Medicine with __________ - ANSWER -Prevention ,
Treatment
Ultimately , Prevention > Treatment
However, Collaborative action goes beyond Medicine and Public Health... - ANSWER -- Politicians and
world leaders who set laws, priorities, etc.
- Transporters of goods and services
- Laws and regulations themselves -- policies
- Individuals
Types of Prevention: - ANSWER -3 levels with target populations and goals - the further down you go,
the more it goes with medicine instead of public health
, Primary Prevention - ANSWER -Also called: Prevention
Target Population: People without disease
Goal: Prevent disease from ever occurring
EX. Vaccination; Vitamin A to prevent blindness
-- In general, low-cost primary prevention activities are the most cost-effective interventions.
Secondary Prevention - ANSWER -Also called: Early Diagnosis
Target Population: People with early, non-symptomatic disease
Goal: Reduce severity; prevent disability and death
EX. BP check routinely; Mammography screening
Tertiary Prevention - ANSWER -Also called: Treatment and Rehabilitation
Target Population: People with symptomatic disease
Goal: Reduce impairment; minimize suffering
EX. Teeth extraction; Physical therapy to injured; chemo
International Health - ANSWER -Health initiatives targeted toward addressing poverty-related conditions
in lower-income countries.
What are some examples of how globalization has impacted health? - ANSWER -Inevitability or need for
global health efforts, as opposed to isolationist health efforts.
Globalization and Global Health: - ANSWER -Globalization has lead to the need for Global Health but also
allows for Global Health.
