Walden University NURS 6501 Midterm Exam
Prep – Advanced Pathophysiology Practice
Questions | Latest Update 2026 | Graded A+
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? - correct answerAnswer:
Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? - correct answerAnswer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell,
changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal
which of the following? - correct answerAnswer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the
nurse looking for? - correct answerAnswer: The person who is first diagnosed with a
genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? -
correct answerAnswer: Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol? - correct answerAnswer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane
fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an
example of: - correct answerAnswer: Gene imprinting
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene - correct answerAnswer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? - correct
answerAnswer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: -
correct answerAnswer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: - correct
answerAnswer: Reduced protein synthesis
, What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from
diseases? - correct answerAnswer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both
processes are believed to result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her
features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the
elbow, and sparse body hair. - correct answerAnswer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most
of the genetic information be contained? - correct answerAnswer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is
the nurse describing? - correct answerAnswer: Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of
this disease is associated with: - correct answerAnswer: Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best
response? - correct answerAnswer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? - correct answerAnswer: Provide
growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance.
Which finding will support this diagnosis? - correct answerAnswer: Inability to convert
tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: - correct
answerAnswer: Decreased ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that
oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: - correct answerAnswer:
Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is
an example of which of the following types of transport? - correct answerAnswer:
Symport
0 out of 1 points
A patient has severe mental retardation caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 5.
What genetic disorder will the nurse see documented in the chart? - correct
answerAnswer: Cri du chat syndrome
Prep – Advanced Pathophysiology Practice
Questions | Latest Update 2026 | Graded A+
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? - correct answerAnswer:
Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? - correct answerAnswer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell,
changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal
which of the following? - correct answerAnswer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the
nurse looking for? - correct answerAnswer: The person who is first diagnosed with a
genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? -
correct answerAnswer: Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol? - correct answerAnswer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane
fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an
example of: - correct answerAnswer: Gene imprinting
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene - correct answerAnswer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? - correct
answerAnswer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: -
correct answerAnswer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: - correct
answerAnswer: Reduced protein synthesis
, What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from
diseases? - correct answerAnswer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both
processes are believed to result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her
features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the
elbow, and sparse body hair. - correct answerAnswer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most
of the genetic information be contained? - correct answerAnswer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is
the nurse describing? - correct answerAnswer: Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of
this disease is associated with: - correct answerAnswer: Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best
response? - correct answerAnswer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? - correct answerAnswer: Provide
growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance.
Which finding will support this diagnosis? - correct answerAnswer: Inability to convert
tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: - correct
answerAnswer: Decreased ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that
oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: - correct answerAnswer:
Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is
an example of which of the following types of transport? - correct answerAnswer:
Symport
0 out of 1 points
A patient has severe mental retardation caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 5.
What genetic disorder will the nurse see documented in the chart? - correct
answerAnswer: Cri du chat syndrome
