Ancient_Greek_Philosophers_Milestone_exam 2020 | Ancient_Greek_Philosophers_Milestone_exam_A Grade

You passed this Milestone 19 questions were answered correctly. 6 questions were answered incorrectly. 1 The value of the Socratic Method lies in showing students how to __________ on their own, rather than having it dictated to them. ● create an argument ● gain knowledge ● explain rhetoric ● evaluate an opinion RATIONALE The Socratic Method is a pedagogical method in which a teacher asks questions to which the student knows the answers, thereby leading him or her to the truth. The Method's value lies in showing students how to use what they know to gain additional knowledge. CONCEPT The Socratic Approach 2 Which of the following statements about Aristotle's metaphysics is FALSE? ● The first philosophy for Aristotle was ontology, which examines the nature of being. ● Aristotle's ultimate conclusion was that the nature of reality was change. ● Aristotle defined a particular as “a this” to distinguish it from a universal. ● For Aristotle, existence requires matter and form— not one or the other, but both.RATIONALE Aristotle would agree with all of these statements except the suggestion that the nature of reality is change. To Aristotle, reality is what we can observe. It can be described as a substance and a way of being, or matter and form. CONCEPT Aristotle on What There Is 3 Water is a __________ condition for staying alive. Apply conceptual analysis to this statement and choose the answer that correctly describes the relationship. ● neither necessary nor sufficient ● necessary, not sufficient ● both necessary and sufficient ● sufficient, not necessary RATIONALE Water is a logical requirement for staying alive, therefore it is a necessary condition. However, water is not a logical guarantee for staying alive, so it is not a sufficient condition. CONCEPT Plato: An academic approach to concepts 4 According to Aristotle’s ethics, virtues should be pursued by __________.● thinking abstractly ● finding a rational mean between two extremes ● defining what is true ● determining the purest form of action RATIONALE Aristotle's Doctrine of the Mean states that virtue must be cultivated as a rational mean between extremes. For example, the virtue of courage is found between the vices of cowardice and foolhardiness. CONCEPT Aristotle's Highest Good 5 Choose the example that best demonstrates a central tenet of Stoicism. ● Carlene is devastated when her outdoor party is interrupted by a thunderstorm. ● Mr. Donovan insists that he begin each morning with pastry and a cup of sweet tea. ● Bob is such a rabid Cubs fan that it isn’t fun to watch a baseball game with him. ● Stephanie is a good nurse because she is skillful and always remains composed. RATIONALE Stoicism is a philosophy that encourages people to focus only on what they can control (e.g., their desires, emotions, and reactions). Because Stoicism focuses on eliminating desires, and emphasizes control of emotions, it leads people to perform their assigned jobs (or roles) skillfully and dispassionately. CONCEPT Stoicism: The Ethics of Dispassion6 Kendra believes that women have a right to choose to have an abortion. Select the statement that is consistent with Kendra's belief. ● “Some women use abortion as a form of birth control, which is wrong.” ● “Every woman should be a mother; it is our function and purpose as human beings.” ● “I voted for this presidential candidate because she supports a woman's right to have an abortion.” ● "The man should have an equal say in whether or not a woman ends her pregnancy.” RATIONALE To live philosophically, a person must examine his or her beliefs to ground them in knowledge, and then act according to those beliefs. By voting for a presidential candidate who supports a woman's right to have an abortion, Kendra displays a consistent philosophical worldview. CONCEPT Philosophical Analysis as a Way of Life 7 Which of the following is the most important tenet of Stoicism? ● To resist playing a role ● To let go of what we cannot control ● To feed our desires ● To understand that reality is either good or bad RATIONALEStoicism is a philosophy that encourages us to focus only on what we can control (e.g., our desires, emotions, judgments, and reactions). We should not be upset by things that are beyond our control. Stoicism encourages us to reduce desire and to view reality as neither good nor bad. CONCEPT- - -- - - - - - - - - Continued