CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Immunizations
Stem
A 68-year-old man with well-controlled type 2 diabetes and
chronic stable COPD presents for routine care in October. He
received PCV13 and PPSV23 more than 6 years ago and had an
,inactivated influenza vaccine last year. Which single
immunization should you prioritize today to reduce his risk for
vaccine-preventable complications this season?
A. Recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) now
B. High-dose inactivated influenza vaccine now
C. Revaccination with PPSV23 now
D. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (intranasal) now
Correct answer
B
Rationale — Correct (B)
Older adults with chronic pulmonary disease and diabetes are
at increased risk for influenza complications; CMDT emphasizes
annual vaccination with the appropriate inactivated influenza
vaccine for older adults (high-dose formulations for those ≥65
years when available). This provides the most immediate,
seasonally relevant protection and reduces hospitalizations.
AccessMedicine
Rationales — Incorrect
A. RZV reduces herpes zoster risk and is recommended in older
adults, but it is not the single highest-priority, seasonally urgent
vaccination in October for respiratory risk.
C. PPSV23 revaccination is indicated in select
immunocompromised states or ≥5 years after last dose
depending on history; routine immediate revaccination is not
indicated without a specific immunocompromise.
,D. Live intranasal influenza vaccine is contraindicated in older
adults and those with chronic lung disease.
Teaching point
Prioritize age- and condition-appropriate inactivated influenza
vaccination each season.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
2)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Cancer
Screening (Lung)
Stem
A 54-year-old man with a 30–pack-year smoking history (still
smoking) asks whether he should begin lung-cancer screening.
He has no respiratory symptoms and no comorbidities. Which
criterion most appropriately determines eligibility for annual
low-dose CT screening in this patient according to CMDT’s
prevention guidance?
A. Age ≥55 with any smoking history
B. Age ≥50 with ≥20 pack-year history and current smoker or
quit ≤15 years
, C. Age ≥40 with ≥30 pack-year history
D. Any smoker with >10 pack-year history regardless of age
Correct answer
B
Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT aligns with contemporary screening recommendations
that define eligibility by age and cumulative smoking exposure;
the typical criterion is lower age threshold (≈50) and ≥20 pack-
years with current smoking or quit within 15 years — balancing
benefit and harms of low-dose CT screening. This patient (54,
30 pack-years, current smoker) meets those criteria.
AccessMedicine
Rationales — Incorrect
A. Age ≥55 with any smoking history is overly broad and ignores
required pack-year threshold; guidelines shifted to include
younger age and lower pack-year cutoffs.
C. Age ≥40 with ≥30 pack-years is not the standard
contemporary threshold and would produce more harms than
benefit.
D. Screening is not recommended for all smokers >10 pack-
years irrespective of age; age and pack-year thresholds
determine risk/benefit.
Teaching point
Lung-cancer screening eligibility requires specific age and pack-
year thresholds, plus smoking status.
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Immunizations
Stem
A 68-year-old man with well-controlled type 2 diabetes and
chronic stable COPD presents for routine care in October. He
received PCV13 and PPSV23 more than 6 years ago and had an
,inactivated influenza vaccine last year. Which single
immunization should you prioritize today to reduce his risk for
vaccine-preventable complications this season?
A. Recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) now
B. High-dose inactivated influenza vaccine now
C. Revaccination with PPSV23 now
D. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (intranasal) now
Correct answer
B
Rationale — Correct (B)
Older adults with chronic pulmonary disease and diabetes are
at increased risk for influenza complications; CMDT emphasizes
annual vaccination with the appropriate inactivated influenza
vaccine for older adults (high-dose formulations for those ≥65
years when available). This provides the most immediate,
seasonally relevant protection and reduces hospitalizations.
AccessMedicine
Rationales — Incorrect
A. RZV reduces herpes zoster risk and is recommended in older
adults, but it is not the single highest-priority, seasonally urgent
vaccination in October for respiratory risk.
C. PPSV23 revaccination is indicated in select
immunocompromised states or ≥5 years after last dose
depending on history; routine immediate revaccination is not
indicated without a specific immunocompromise.
,D. Live intranasal influenza vaccine is contraindicated in older
adults and those with chronic lung disease.
Teaching point
Prioritize age- and condition-appropriate inactivated influenza
vaccination each season.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
2)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Cancer
Screening (Lung)
Stem
A 54-year-old man with a 30–pack-year smoking history (still
smoking) asks whether he should begin lung-cancer screening.
He has no respiratory symptoms and no comorbidities. Which
criterion most appropriately determines eligibility for annual
low-dose CT screening in this patient according to CMDT’s
prevention guidance?
A. Age ≥55 with any smoking history
B. Age ≥50 with ≥20 pack-year history and current smoker or
quit ≤15 years
, C. Age ≥40 with ≥30 pack-year history
D. Any smoker with >10 pack-year history regardless of age
Correct answer
B
Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT aligns with contemporary screening recommendations
that define eligibility by age and cumulative smoking exposure;
the typical criterion is lower age threshold (≈50) and ≥20 pack-
years with current smoking or quit within 15 years — balancing
benefit and harms of low-dose CT screening. This patient (54,
30 pack-years, current smoker) meets those criteria.
AccessMedicine
Rationales — Incorrect
A. Age ≥55 with any smoking history is overly broad and ignores
required pack-year threshold; guidelines shifted to include
younger age and lower pack-year cutoffs.
C. Age ≥40 with ≥30 pack-years is not the standard
contemporary threshold and would produce more harms than
benefit.
D. Screening is not recommended for all smokers >10 pack-
years irrespective of age; age and pack-year thresholds
determine risk/benefit.
Teaching point
Lung-cancer screening eligibility requires specific age and pack-
year thresholds, plus smoking status.
