Stanhope: Foundations For Population Health In Community/Public Health Nursing, 6Th Edition

,Stanhope: Foundations of Population Health for Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
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Contents:
Part I: Perspectives in Health Care Delivery and Nursing
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Chapter 1. Community and Prevention Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
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Chapter 2. The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing
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Chapter 3. The Changing U.S. Health and Public Health Care Systems
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Part II: Influences on Health Care Delivery and Nursing
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Chapter 4. Ethics in Public and Community Health Nursing Practice
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Chapter 5. Cultural Influences in Nursing in Community Health
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Chapter 6. Environmental Health
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Chapter 7. Government, the Law, and Policy Activism
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Chapter 8. Economic Influences
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Part III: Conceptual Frameworks Applied to Nursing Practice in the Community
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Chapter 9. Epidemiological Applications
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Chapter 10. Evidence-Based Practice
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Chapter 11. Using Health Education and Groups in the Community
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Part IV: Issues and Approaches in Health Care of Populations
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Chapter 12. Community Assessment and Evaluation
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Chapter 13. Case Management
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Chapter 14. Disaster Management
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Chapter 15. Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation
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Chapter 16. Program Management
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Chapter 17. Managing Quality and Safety
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Part V: Issues and Approaches in Family and Individual Health Care
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Chapter 18. Family Development and Family Nursing Assessment
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Chapter 19. Family Health Risks
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Chapter 20. Health Risks Across the Life Span
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Part VI: Vulnerability: Predisposing Factors
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Chapter 21. Vulnerability and Vulnerable Populations: An Overview
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Chapter 22. Rural Health and Migrant Health
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Chapter 23. Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness
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Chapter 24. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Problems in the Community
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Chapter 25. Violence and Human Abuse
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Chapter 26. Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
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Chapter 27. HIV Infection, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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Part VII: Nursing Practice in the Community: Roles and Functions
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Chapter 28. Nursing Practice at the Local, State, and National Levels in Public Health
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Chapter 29. The Faith Community Nurse
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Chapter 30. The Nurse in Home Health and Hospice
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Chapter 31. The Nurse in the Schools
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Chapter 32. The Nurse in Occupational Health
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,x@



Chapter 01: Community and Prevention Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
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MULTIPLE CHOICE x@




1. Which of the following best describes community-based nursing?
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a. A practice in which care is provided for individuals and families
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b. Providing care with a focus on the group’s needsx@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@


c. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate’s needs
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d. A value system in which all clients receive optimal care
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ANS: x @ A
By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-
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specific practice in which care is provided for ―sick‖ individuals and families where th
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ey live, work, and attend school. The emphasis is on acute and chronic care and the
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provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care. These nurses may be ge
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neralists or specialists in maternal–
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infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health nursing. Community-
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based nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather tha
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n focusing on groups, aggregates, or systems.
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2. Which of the following best describes community-oriented nursing?
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a. Focusing on the provision of care to individuals and families
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b. Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditions
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c. Giving direct care to ill individuals within their family setting
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d. Having the goal of health promotion and disease prevention
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ANS: x @ D
By definition, community-
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oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, protecting, or maintaining health and preve
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nting disease to promote the quality of life. All nurses may focus on individuals and fa
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milies, give direct care to ill persons within their family setting, and help manage acute
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or chronic conditions. These definitions are not specific to community-
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oriented nursing. x@




3. Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
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a. Families and groups x@ x@


b. Illness-oriented care x@


c. Individuals within the family unit x@ x@ x@ x@


d. Health care of communities and populations
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ANS: D x@


In public health nursing the primary focus is on the health care of communities and p
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opulations rather than on individuals, groups, and families. The goal is to prevent diseas
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e and preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the community and the populati
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on within it. Community-based nurses deal primarily with illness-
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oriented care of individuals and families acorss the life span. The aim is to amanage a
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cute and chronic health conditions in the community, and the focus of practice is on i
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ndividual or family-centered illness care.
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, 4. Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy dur
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ing the 20th century?
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a. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research
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b. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures x@ x@ x@ x@ x@


c. Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs
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d. Use of antibiotics to fight infections
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ANS: C x@


Improvements in control of infectious diseases through immunizations, sanitation, and
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other population-
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based prevention programs led to the increase in life expectancy from less than 50 yea
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rs in 1900 to more than 78 years in 2013. Although people are excited when a new d
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rug is discovered that cures a disease or when a new way to transplant organs is perf
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ected, it is important to know about the significant gains in the health of populations
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that have come largely from public health accomplishments.
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5. A nurse is developing a plan to decrease the number of premature deaths in the com
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munity. Which of the following interventions would most likely be implemented by
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the nurse?x@


a. Increase the community’s knowledge about hospice care.
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b. Promote healthy lifestyle behavior choices among the community members.
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c. Encourage employers to have wellness centers at each industrial site.
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d. Ensure timely and effective medical intervention and treatment for comm
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unity members. x@




ANS: B x@


Public health approaches could help prevent premature deaths by influencing the way pe
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ople eat, drink, drive, engage in exercise, and treat the environment. Increasing knowle
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dge of hospice care, encouraging on-
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site wellness centers, and ensuring timely treatment of medical conditions do not addres
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s the focus of improving overall health through health promotion strategies. This is th
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e major method that is suggested to decrease the incidence of premature death.
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6. Which of the following is a basic assumption of public health efforts?
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a. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
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b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
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c. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
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d. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans.
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ANS: C x@


Public health practice focuses on the community as a whole, and the effect of the co
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mmunity’s health status (resources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups.
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The goal is to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect the health of the
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@community as a whole. Public health can be described as what society collectively do
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es to ensure that conditions exist in which people can be healthy. The basic assumption
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s of public health do not judge the morality of health disparities. The focus is on prev
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ention of illness not on spending more on illness care. Additionally, individual responsi
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bility for making healthy choices is the directive for lengthening life span not the role
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@of the government.
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7. Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nurse?
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a. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen
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b. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions
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c. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine
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