ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1
1. anatomy: study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which
means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organims
studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individual
organs
2. physiology: the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how
organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how their
functions are altered with medication or disease
3. branches of anatomy: microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the
unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body
as a complete unit)
4. embryology: discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from
conception to birth
5. comparative A&P: examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physi-
ology of different species
6. pathophysiology: relationship between the functioning of an organ system and
disease or injury to that organ system
7. basic qualities of life: organization- each organism has a complex structure and
order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down
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, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1
to smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment
and often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmen-
tal changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
8. organization of the human body: chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules,
macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
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15
1. anatomy: study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which
means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organims
studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individual
organs
2. physiology: the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how
organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how their
functions are altered with medication or disease
3. branches of anatomy: microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the
unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body
as a complete unit)
4. embryology: discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from
conception to birth
5. comparative A&P: examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physi-
ology of different species
6. pathophysiology: relationship between the functioning of an organ system and
disease or injury to that organ system
7. basic qualities of life: organization- each organism has a complex structure and
order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down
1/
15
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1
to smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment
and often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmen-
tal changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
8. organization of the human body: chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules,
macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
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15
