An Introduction to Physical Geography and the Environment Zusammenfassungen (4. ausgabe)

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Reading summaries from texts: Pianka (1966) 'Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: a review of concepts', American Naturalist, 100, 33-46 Thomas (2008) 'The Biosphere', in Holden, 'An introduction to physical geography and the environment',

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 4 - Ecosystem dynamics - the nature of nutrient cycling Topics Covered: reading list Recommended Reading included Lecture 5 - Ecosystem and environmental change Topics covered: IPCC 4th Assessment, current changes, predicted changes, observations so far

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 4 - Why do climates change: long and short term controls Topics covered: causes of climate change, feedback Recommended reading included (some available to download in this module) Lecture 5 - Hurricanes - Extreme Weather Events Topics Covered - terminology

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 18 - Arid zone geomorphology - processes and landscapes Topics covered: distribution of drylands, desert soils, dryland processes, dryland fluvial processes Recommended reading available in Lecture 18 continued & Lecture 19.

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 7 - Tectonic Processes - The Dynamic Earth. Topics Covered: Defining the geosphere, evidence of plate tectonics, key drivers in Britain compared to Southern Spain. Recommended reading included (some available for download in this module)

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture summary on atmosphere and oceans including topics on: the Earth's climate systems, climate change, temperate weather systems, hurricanes, ENSO. Includes recommended readings (available to download in this module).

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture Summary of the key concepts of surface and slope processes and dynamics within the geosphere. Includes suggested reading (which you can also download in this module).

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 8 - Contemporary issues in the biosphere - natural and human interactions Topics covered - symptoms of land degradation, reducing degradation Recommended reading included (some available to download in this module) Lecture 9 - Contemporary issues in the biosphere 2 - humid tropical deforestation Topics covered: forest services Recommended reading available at Lecture 9 continued & Lecture 10

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 2 - Ecosystem Dynamics - Primary and secondary productions Topics covered: endotherms, what is a sustainable biome, human manipulation Recommended Reading included Lecture 3 - Ecosystem succession and human disturbance Topics covered: ecosystem change, internal factors Recommended Reading available at Lecture 3 continued & Lecture 4

*All profits donated to the Black Lives Matter Movement.* Lecture 5 - Ecosystems and environmental change Topics covered: predicted future impacts on ecosystem processes, ecosystem responses Recommended Reading Lecture 6 - Ecosystem stability - the concept of stability under changing conditions Topics covered: terminology, resilience