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This paper discusses the critical role of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in the success of international organisations, particularly in the context of rapid globalisation. It highlights how effective HRM strategies help multinational businesses reduce operational costs by identifying and standardising best practices across global subsidiaries. The paper also emphasises the importance of cross-cultural sensitivity and adaptation to local customs and work environments, which are vita...

This paper explores the strategic importance of Learning and Development (L&D) in enhancing organisational performance. It begins by defining L&D and its evolving role within UK organisations, especially post-pandemic, where digitalisation and flexible learning methods have reshaped workforce development. The paper presents various definitions and theoretical perspectives, showing L&D as a key HR function that aligns employee capabilities with business goals. It differentiates between individ...

An in-depth case study of Nestlé exploring challenges in international human resource management—particularly staffing, recruitment, and expatriate assignments—within the context of global operations, supported by literature and strategic recommendations.