Brainarium

What is a loading dose? - ️️An initial large dose of medicine used to ensure a quick therapeutic response. What is reconstitution? - ️️Mixing a dry powdered medication with sterile water. Why are some drugs packed in powder form? - ️️Because they are unstable in liquid form. What is efficacy? - ️️The maximum response that can be achieved with a drug. What is therapeutic index? - ️️The ratio that compares the blood concentration of a drug that causes a therapeutic effec...

Which hypertonic solution is used to treat hyponatremia and cerebral edema? - ️️3% NaCl Which hypertonic solution cannot be used in cardiac and renal patients, patients who are in danger of heart failure and pulmonary edema? - ️️D5 NS Which hypertonic solution must be infused slowly and may cause central pontine myelinolysis? - ️️3% NaCl Which hypotonic solution is used for water replacement, sodium and chloride depletion and diabetes Insipidus? - ️️0.45% Sodium Chloride (...

Parasitic Infections? - ️️Check stool sample for any parasites Prophylaxis, know why patient is being given this, given for GI or GU surgeries, patients with valve issues that are prone to pericarditis (given before dental work for these patients) Pg. 93 Often used for patients having dental surgeries and patients with mechanical heart valves. Patients with mechanical heart valves are at an increased risk of infection with heart surgery specifically. Antibiotic therapy begins a day or...

PNN EXAM PACKAGE DEAL WITH 100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS

Mode - ️️Entry that occurs most frequently Range - ️️Interval between the lowest and highest number in your data data Variance - ️️a measure of difference, or spread standard deviation - ️️the square root of the variance Normal distributions (bell shaped distribution) - ️️68% of population will be in the range from -1SD to +1SD 95% of the population will fall in the range from -2SD to +2SD Estimating the strength of correlation - ️️RR, RRR, AR, NNT, OR Measure of ...

Adult Pneumococcal Vaccine - ️️- Pneumococcal PolySaccharide Vaccine 23- valent (PPSV23) (Pneumovax) capsular vaccine Indication: Children ≥ 2 years Dose: IM, SQ: 0.5 mL as a single dose Who should receive the 23-valent vaccine? * ≥ 65 y/o (5 yrs after the last dose if received in the past) * Smokers / Asthma on oral corticosteroids/ COPD * Chronic diseases (CHF, DM, Liver disease, alcoholism), heart dz, lung dz * Cochlear implant, cerebrospinal fluid leak 2 doses of PCV23 * Im...

Rilpivirine - ️️Edurant Etravirine - ️️Intelence maraviroc - ️️Selzentry Enfuvirtide - ️️Fuzeon raltegravir - ️️Isentress Dolutegravir - ️️Tivicay

Trandate - ️️Labetalol Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Dilt XR, Cartia XT, Tiazac, Taztia XT, Matzim LA - ️️Diltiazem Calan, Calan SR, Isoptin SR, Verelan, Verelan PM - ️️Verapamil Norvasc - ️️Amlodipine Plendil - ️️Felodipine Sular - ️️Nisoldipine DynaCirc - ️️Isradipine Cardene - ️️Nicardipine Procardia XL, Adalat CC - ️️Nifedipine Dyrenium - ️️Triamterene Aldactone - ️️Spironolactone

what are some drug classes that can increase BP? - ️️estrogen corticosteroidss NSAIDs all adrenergics migraine meds (triptans & ergots --> constriction) ADHD amphetamines, and other stimulants OTC/herbs: ephedra, ma huang, licorice, bitter orange, decongestants Epigen Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine What is the BP goal for patients with CAD? - ️️< 130/80 per ACC-AHA What is the BP goal for patients with CHF? - ️️< 130/80, preferably < 120/80 per ACC-AHA When do we wo...

When do you give a tetanus booster? - ️️Every 10 years What bug does Tetanus shot prevent - ️️Clostridium tetani What does Diphtheria vaccine prevent? - ️️Corynerbacterium diphtheriae What does Pertussis vaccine prevent? - ️️Bordetella Pertussis (Whooping cough) Afluria IM - ️️Inactivated Influenze Vaccine >=6 months old Afluria jet injector - ️️Inactivated Influenze Vaccine needle free 18-64 years old Fluzone Quadrivalent - ️️Inactivated Influenze Vaccine...

Darbepoetin - ️️Aranesp Oprelvekin - ️️Neumega, chemo-induced thrombocytopenia Filgrastim - ️️Granix, Neupogen, Zarxio, Nivestym Pegfilgrastim - ️️Neulasta, Fulphila, Nyvepria Sevelamer - ️️Renvela, Renagel Lanthanum - ️️Fosrenol Sucroferric oxyhydroxide Velphoro - ️️ Methyprednisolone - ️️Medrol Aprepitant PO - ️️Emend Fosaprepitant IV - ️️emend Rolapitant - ️️Varubi Dronabinol CIII - ️️Marinol Dronabinol solution CIII - ️️Marinol

Based on the ADA 2019 guidelines, what are the recommendations for comprehensive care of diabetic patients? - ️️1. Aspirin is no longer recommended for primary prevention. It should continue for secondary prevention in pts with ASCVD 2. Cholesterol control - patients with ASCVD or ASCVD risk >20% should receive high intensity statin - pts >= 40 years old moderate intensity - pts < 40 years and ASCVD risk factors moderate intensity 3. BP goal - for most pts is < 140/90 mmH...

Budesonide - ️️Pulmicort Flexhaler (DPI) Mometasone MDI - ️️Asmanex HFA Salmeterol + Fluticasone - ️️Advair Diskus, Advair HFA Salmeterol + Fluticasone - ️️AirDuo Respiclick Formoterol + budesonide - ️️Symbicort MDI Formoterol + mometasone - ️️Dulera MDI Ciclesonide MDI Solution - ️️Alvesco Fluticasone MDI - ️️Flovent HFA Fluticasone DPI - ️️Flovent Diskus, Arnuity Ellipta, ArmonAir Respiclick Budesonide Respules - ️️Pulmicort Respules Mometasone...

Zolmitriptran ODT - ️️ZMT Almotriptan - ️️Axert Frovatriptan - ️️Frova Eletriptan - ️️Relpax Ergot Alkaloid Nasal Spray - ️️Migranal Ergot Alkaloid IM - ️️DHE 45 Ergot Alkaloid SL Tab - ️️Ergomar Ergotamine/Caffeine - ️️Cafergot Butalbital/Caffeine/APAP - ️️Fioricet

Write out acidosis/alkalosis chart , Norma ranges - ️️Ph = 7.35-7.45 Co2 = 35-45 Hc03 =22-26 In what ways is the cockcroft-Gant equation no reliable estimate of actual renal clearence? - ️️-end stage renal disease -renal function fluctuate rapidly -very young CHILDREN Normal BMI range - ️️18.5-24.9 It's normal to get married between the ages of 18.5-24.9 BMI range for obese - ️️30 and above What causes "ELEVATeD ANION GAP" metabolic acidosis? - ️️A high ani...

What oral anticoagulants do not require bridging with parenteral anticoagulation? - ️️Rivaroxaban and Apixaban. Otherwise bridge with parenteral anticoagulant for 5-10 days. What is the treatment dose for heparin? - ️️5000-10,000 unit bolus, then 1,000 units/hr; titrate based on aPTT. OR Load with 80 units/kg, then 18 units/kg/hr; titrate based on aPTT How often do we check aPTT for heparin? - ️️every 6 hours Heparin titration -- if aPTT is < 35 seconds? - ️️80u/kg bol...

Loxapine- T - ️️Loxitane Chlorpromazine-T - ️️Thorazine Pimozide Tourrets - ️️Orap Haloperidol - ️️Haldol HAZZ - ️️Rapid IM Haloperidol, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone, Zyprexa Deconoate Formulation - ️️Haldol, FLuphenazine, Risperidone, Paliperidone, Aripiprazole, Ari lauroxil, Olanzapine Clozapine AT - ️️Clozaril Risperidone - ️️Risperdal Olanzapine - ️️Zyprexa Quetiapine - ️️Seroquel Ziprasidone - ️️Geodon Aripiprazole - ️️Abilify Palip...

Combination or single form of nicotine replacement? - ️️Recommend combination therapy with two NRT; combining a long-acting form (patch) with a short-acting (gum, nasal spray, lozenge, or inhaler) on PRN basis. Combo works better than a single form of nicotine replacement. This can be helpful for patients who have cravings throughout the day Bupropion and varenicline can also be used in combination with nicotine replacement therapies Interactions with Cigarette smoking? - ️️Cigare...

What is dystonia? - ️️muscle spasm/rigidity. Can be potentially fatal if respiratory muscles are affected. Treatment: IV/IM diphenhydramine, or benztropine. (this occurs because antipsychotics BLOCK dopamine loss of balance of DA and ACh. Give anticholinergic to restore this balance) What is akathisia? - ️️Restlessness, irritability. Treat by decreasing antipsychotic dose, or give propranolol, lorazepam, or diphenhydramine. What is pseudoparkinsonism? - ️️if patient has been on...

the nurse could lead to a malpractice suit even though the state has a Good Samaritan law? - ️️The nurse sent a bill to the victim to request payment for services rendered Which ethical principle is violated when the patient is not told the truth about the medical diagnosis and therefore is not able to decide on the course of treatment? - ️️Autonomy Which ethical principle is violated when the nurse promises to administer pain medication to the patient every 2 hours throughout the ...