Nucleophilic Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

OCR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ORGANIC SYNTHESIS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS alkene undergoes what type of polymerisation - CORRECT-addition polymerisation Alkene to alcohol - CORRECT -Electrophilic addition conc (phosphoric) acid catalyst steam Haloalkane to nitrile - CORRECT -nucleophilic substitution ethanolic NaCN or KCN heat Haloalkane to primary amine (also makes NH4X) - CORRECT -Nucleophilic substitution Excess ethanolic NH3 with no further substitution HEAT under PRESSURE acyl ch...

Classifications of proteins are based on.... correct answer: - position in the cell (membrane/soluble/extracellular) - function (transporter/enzyme/structural/hormone) - other molecules associated w/ it (glycoprotein - sugar, lipoprotein - lipid) A salt bridge is an....bond and is an example of a.....interaction correct answer: ionic, non-covalent Are salt bridges easier to break in biochem? Why? correct answer: - Yes- Interacting w/ surrounding solvent (water) Is an O bonded to a ...

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo _______ reactions A. nucleophilic substitution B. nucleophilic acyl substitution C. electrophilic acyl substritution D. addition correct answers B The acyl group is A. C=O B. HC=O C. RC=O correct answers C Which of the following compounds would be most reactive? A. ethyl acetate B. propanamide C. benzoyl chloride D. phenyl anhydride correct answers C Which of the following compounds would have the most stabilized carbonyl group? ...

Hydrolysis Haloalkanes can be hydrolysed to make alcohols in a nucleophilic substitution reaction Warm aqueous alkali solution (Sodium hydroxide) CFCs (Haloalkanes) Stable, volatile, non-flammable and non-toxic Refluxing Vertical Liebig condenser Prevents loss of volatile substances Continuously boils,evaporates and condenses the vapours Separation Separating funnel with water added to mixture Anhydrous salt (Magnesium sulfate) can be added to remove water after separation

General formula for alkyl halide C(n)H(2n+1)X Vinyl halides A halogen atom bonded to a carbon-carbon double bond Aryl halides A halogen atom boned to a benzene ring True True or False: Vinyl and aryl halides are non reactive Why are vinyl and aryl halides non-reactive? The X is bonded to a C that is sp2 hybridized Allylic halides Have X bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to a C-C double bond benzylic halides Have X bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to a benz...

CHEM 335 Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (GRADED) Write accurate structures for the following: a) a chiral allene b) 18-crown-6 c) the HOMO of 1,3,5-hexatriene d) benzyl isobutyl disulfide e) the hydrate of acetaldehyde 3. (15 points) Arrange the following in order with respect to the property indicated. Write MOST and LEAST under the compounds with the highest and lowest values, respectively. a) reactivity towards electrophilic substitution MIDDLE / / / LEAST ...

SN1 Reaction - ANSWER- Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution - 2 steps - Starting with enantiomerically pure product tends to result in some degree of racemization - Retention AND inversion at stereocenter (R and S) - 1 nucleophile is replaced by another nucleophile - Carbocation INTERMEDIATE forms - Rate is dependent only on substrate concentration 1. LG leaves, forming a carbocation 2. Nucleophile attacks the carbocation, forming the product SN2 Reaction - ANSWER- Bimolecular nuc...

agarose and agar correct answer: polysaccharides used to run DNA gels and for microbial plates bacterial cell walls correct answer: contain polysaccharides in their peptidoglycan layer lectins correct answer: are proteins that bind to sugars protein glycolsylation correct answer: assists in folding and cellular recognition, e.g. ABO blood groups -ose correct answer: indicates a molecule is some kind of carb blood group antigens correct answer: glycoproteins containing differ...

what factors explain the outcomes of reactions? - ANSWERhybridization, delocalization, eN, atom density what is a leaving group? - ANSWER- group of atom(s) that can be stable on its own - eN atoms that are good LG also make strong acids what is the α carbon? - ANSWERC directly attached to leaving group what are β Cs? β Hs? - ANSWERβC: C(s) attached to α carbon βH: H(s) attached to βC what is a LB? is it a nucleophile or electrophile? - ANSWERlewis base, nucleophile what i...

UMICH CHEM 210 - Exam #3 - Reaction Mechanisms 100% Correct SN1 Reaction - ANSWER- Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution - 2 steps - Starting with enantiomerically pure product tends to result in some degree of racemization - Retention AND inversion at stereocenter (R and S) - 1 nucleophile is replaced by another nucleophile - Carbocation INTERMEDIATE forms - Rate is dependent only on substrate concentration 1. LG leaves, forming a carbocation 2. Nucleophile attacks the carbocati...