Nucleophiles Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Is SN2 concerted or stepwise correct answer: Concerted Is SN1 concerted or stepwise correct answer: Stepwise When is there a change in configuration in an SN2 correct answer: When alpha position is a chiral center What type of substrate reacts most quickly for SN2 correct answer: Primary What type of substrate reacts most quickly for SN1 correct answer: Tertiary (bc more stable carbocation) What type of nucleophiles favor SN2 correct answer: Strong List 9 strong nucleophi...

BIO 441A EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION. LECTURE ONE - METABOLISM INTRODUCTION ● Autotrophs synthesize all their own cellular constituents from simple molecules ● Heterotrophs obtain energy through oxidation of organic compounds and therefore rely on autotrophs ● Metabolism involves many reactions such as ○ Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis ○ The citric acid cycle ○ Oxidative phosphorylation ● Catabolism is the degradation of biomolecules ○ Energy rich nutrients are...

electrophiles - ANSWERelectron seeking reagents that have room to accept a electron pair nucleophiles - ANSWERreagents seeking a nucleus to which to donate a pair of electrons proton transfer or protonation reaction - ANSWERthe transfer of a proton from one base to another transition state - ANSWERlying between the products and reactants free energy of activation (delta G double dagger) - ANSWERthe height of the barrier, the energy that the reactants attain in reaching the the transi...

what factors explain the outcomes of reactions? hybridization, delocalization, eN, atom density what is a leaving group? - group of atom(s) that can be stable on its own - eN atoms that are good LG also make strong acids what is the α carbon? C directly attached to leaving group what are β Cs? β Hs? βC: C(s) attached to α carbon βH: H(s) attached to βC what is a LB? is it a nucleophile or electrophile? lewis base, nucleophile what is nucleophilic ...

temperature is related to KE how? temp is the average kinetic energy thermal energy is related to KE how? thermal energy is the total KE Brainpower enthalpy of fusion is ALWAYS greater than enthalpy of vaporization because? it has to break more bonds (solid --> liquid) the amount of heat depends on (2 factors) 1. the type of substance 2. the amount of the substance during a phase change does temperature change? NO if an archaebacerial species lives in a pool that is 0.01 M HCL wh...

E2 Reaction - ANSWEROne-Step with no intermediates, Base takes off proton + LG leaves with double bond formation. What type of carbons do E2 rxns favor? - ANSWERTertiary What is a Zaitsev product? - ANSWERDouble bond formation on more substituted carbon What is a Hoffman product? - ANSWERDouble bond formation on less substituted carbon When using a stericallly hindered base (t-BuOK, LDA), which product is more favorable? - ANSWERHoffman When using Eto- or less sterically hindered ...

E2 Reaction - One-Step with no intermediates, Base takes off proton + LG leaves with double bond formation. What type of carbons do E2 rxns favor? - Tertiary What is a Zaitsev product? - Double bond formation on more substituted carbon What is a Hoffman product? - Double bond formation on less substituted carbon When using a stericallly hindered base (t-BuOK, LDA), which product is more favorable? - Hoffman When using Eto- or less sterically hindered base, which pro...

AAMC MCAT Practice Exam 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ 2023|2024 In the chromatography of the reaction mixture, water absorbed on cellulose functioned as the stationary phase. What was the principal factor determining the migration of individual components in the sample? A) Hydrogen bonding B) Solute concentration C) Stationary phase concentration D) Thickness of paper - Answer - A) Hydrogen bonding The answer to this question is A because the relative amount of hydrogen bonding to t...

AQA A Level Chemistry 2022 Paper 2 SOLUTION 2023//2024 How can we make polymers more flexible? - ANSWER By adding a plasticiser How do plasticisers make polymers more flexible? - ANSWER They stick between the chains and keep the polymers further apart from each other, weakening the van der Waals forces and lets chains slide more easily. Uses of Kevlar - ANSWER bulletproof and used in body armour. Uses of Nylon - ANSWER commonly used in textiles. Why are polymers strong? - ANSWER Poly...

AAMC practice test scored 100% in chromatography of the reaction mixture, water is absorbed on cellulose functioned as the stationary phase - what is the principal factor determine the migration of individual components in the sample? -Answer-HYDROGEN BONDING (determines rate of migration) dehydration reaction (tertiary OH to double bond) occurs most readily with what OH? reaction involves loss of WATER molecule and the reaction has a CARBOCATION intermediate -Answer-tertiary alcohols am...