Cyclins Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What activates mTOR? - PKB What is mTOR? - activated by PKB and is sensitive to rapomycin; stimulates cell growth and metabolism What are cellular responses in response to activation of PKB/AKT? - promotes glucose uptake promotes cell survival by Ph. and inactivating pro-apop proteins such as BAD promotes cell growth Upon male stimulation, what is released in a G2 arrested oocyte to enter meiosis? - progesterone What is progesterone? - released by female's ovary; induces G2 arrest...

Cell Cycle correct answer: How the cell replicates its DNA when it needs to -pathway that allows us to grow What does a cell have to decide post mitosis? correct answer: If it wants to enter cell cycle or not What happens if the cell cycle production is not efficient? correct answer: Mutation or death What are the purposes of checkpoints? correct answer: They can prevent mutations and overall death of cell How does a cell cycle start? correct answer: A signal comes from externa...

Growth factors stimulate what? (A) cyclin production. (B) the cell to skip the S and G1 phases of interphase and undergo mitosis directly. (C) Cdk's to synthesize enzymes that digest cyclins. (D) the cell to ignore the checkpoints of the cell cycle. (E) NONE OF THE ABOVE - (A) cyclin production What is a major difference between mitosis and meiosis? (A) Meiosis produces two daughter cells instead of the four daughter cells produced in mitosis. (B) Meiosis produces genetically ide...

IB Biology - Scientists of IB Bio 100% Correct Robert Hooke First person to observe cells and write the cell theory Ernst Ruska Developed the electron microscope in 1930s and won the Nobel Prize for it Friedrich Wohler Urea synthesis which falsified the theory of vitalism Davson-Danielli Proposed the 'protein sandwich' model for membrane structure Louis Pasteur Experiment with broth that confirmed that spontaneous generation of cells and organisms does not occur on Earth ...

True or False: For every kinase there is an equal and active phosphatase correct answer: True Name one example of a protein signal correct answer: Epinephrine Name one small molecule signal correct answer: Acetylcholine or cortisol What are three essential parts of a signaling cascade? correct answer: Initial signal, Binding, and Termination How is a signal turned off? correct answer: Phosphorylate/Dephosphorylate or signal degradation What is a second messenger? correct answ...

BIO 235 HW Questions And Answers All Correct Why do mutations in genes that encode DNA-repair enzymes often produce a predisposition to cancer? A. The loss of DNA-repair enzymes makes a cell more susceptible to viral infection. B. Cancer is the result of an accumulation of mutations in tumor-suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes and a deficiency in DNA repair can accelerate this process. C. Genes for DNA-repair enzymes are usually genetically linked to proto-oncogenes on chromosomes, so muta...

Revision notes for Cancer Biology covering control of the cell cycle, molecular mechanisms (CDK and Cyclins), cell cycle checkpoints, response to DNA damage. Introduction to oncogenes and tumor suppressors and how various mechanisms link to the hallmarks of cancer.

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used to regulate cyclin-Cdk complexes? Acetylation Inhibitory protein binding Polyubiquitinylation Phosphorylation correct answers Acetylation Both the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC/C) and the SCF complex help to advance cells through the cell cycle by targeting proteins for degradation by the proteosome. How do their mechanisms of action differ? correct answers The APC/C is activated by binding with a protein partner that directs it to target p...

Cell division is used for which of the following ? - Reproduction of single-celled organisms, growth of multicellular organisms, repair and replacement of cells, and sperm and egg production Asexual and sexual reproduction differs in that sexual reproduction_____________ - Can produce great variation among the offspring (Meiosis) Asexual Reproduction ____________ - Produces offspring genetically identical to the parent (Mitosis) Most of the time, DNA is in the form of____________ - Euch...

Growth factors stimulate what? (A) cyclin production. (B) the cell to skip the S and G1 phases of interphase and undergo mitosis directly. (C) Cdk's to synthesize enzymes that digest cyclins. (D) the cell to ignore the checkpoints of the cell cycle. (E) NONE OF THE ABOVE - (A) cyclin production What is a major difference between mitosis and meiosis? (A) Meiosis produces two daughter cells instead of the four daughter cells produced in mitosis. (B) Meiosis produces genetically ide...