NUR 1211 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Transient Ischemic Attacks - Temporary neurologic dysfunction. May be motor, sensory or visual. Are TIAs permanent or temporary incidents? - Temporary A family member of a client with a hemorrhagic stroke asks about anticoagulant therapy. Will be started if necessary to enhance cerebral circulation. - False. Administration of an anticoagulant to a client who is bleeding will interfere with clotting and increase bleeding. Anticoagulants are not used in this situation because they will incr...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) -pressure exerted by the volume of the intracranial contents within the cranial vault; brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Monroe-Kellie Doctorine- foundation for understand increased ICP -changes in volume in one component must reciprocate change in other components What is normal ICP? Why must the volume remain constant? -Normal ICP= 0-15 mmHg -The fixed nature of the skull is reason the volume of its contents must remain constant Examples o...

GI Tract 25 foot tube form mouth to the anus main function is to digest, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste plays a critical role in homeostasis GI tract consists of -oral cavity -esophagus -stomach -pancreas -liver and gallbladder -small and large intestine -rectum digestion begins in the mouth is a major site of digestion stomach the main function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients the main function of the large intestine is to balance fluid and electrolytes GI ...

This type of immunity is immediate but short-tern and nonspecific. It does not provide true immunity on repeated exposure. - Inflammatory What are the 3 types of immunity? - Inflammation, cell mediated, antibody mediated Infection is usually accompanied by this type of immunity. However, this type of immunity can occur without the presence of infection. What type of immunity is this? - Inflammatory Neutrophils and macrophages are types of WBCs. What do they function to do? - Destroy ...

A nurse has administered sublingual nitroglycerine. Which parameter should the nurse use to determine the effectiveness of sublingual nitroglycerin? 1 Relief of anginal pain 2 Improved cardiac output 3 Decreased blood pressure 4 Dilation of superficial blood vessels - 1 Relief of anginal pain What should a nurse do to decrease or control the sensory and cognitive disturbances that can occur after a client has open-heart surgery? 1 Restrict family visits 2 Withhold analge...

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) - a chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects synovial joints Which ethinc group of people is most affected by RA? - euro-americans Pannus - vascular granulation tissue composed of inflammatory cells, erodes the cartilage and eventually the bone Which gender is mostly effected by RA? - women, young to middle-aged True or False: RA flare ups are most prevalent in the summers months. - False, mostly prevalent in the winte...

The preoperative phase begins when: - The decision to proceed with surgical intervention is made and ends with the transfer of the patient onto the operating room (OR) bed. The intraoperative phase begins when: - The patient is transferred onto the OR bed and ends with admission to the PACU. The postoperative phase begins with: - The admission of the patient to the PACU and ends with a follow-up evaluation in the clinical setting or home Indications for surgery without delay (emergent)...

cardiac glycosides: - *Also called digitalis glycosides* -this group of drugs inhibits the sodium-potassium pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium -This increase leads to an influx of calcium, causing the cardiac muscle fibers to contract more efficiently The patient has left-sided HF when: - -the left ventricle does not contract sufficiently to pump the blood returned from the lungs and left atrium out through the aorta into the peripheral circulation; this causes excess...

Opportunistic Infections - An infection caused by pathogens that take advantage of a host with a weakened immune system. Many of these pathogens do not cause disease in a healthy host that has a normal immune system. AIDS - A person with HIV who has a CD4 count of less than 200 cells/mm^3 or less than 14% What cells does HIV attack? - the CD4 or helper T-cells What body fluids can carry HIV? - blood, seminal fluid, vaginal secretions, amniotic fluid, and breast milk. HIV is more easily...

How much does the heart weigh? - 300 g Where is the PMI? - Mid-clavicular, 5th intercostal space What does PMI stand for? - point of maximal impulse S1 - Systole, ventricle is contracting, Mitral and Tricuspid Closing, Heard best at the Apex S2 - Diastole, ventricle is filling/perfusing, Aortic and Pulmonic, Head best at the base When are the coronary arteries perfused? - Diastole Why are the coronary arteries perfused during diastole? - During diastole because the ventricle is filling. ...