- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

This document contains a comprehensive set of microbiology final exam questions with correct answers, covering key concepts such as immunology, bacterial structure, virology, antimicrobial agents, and microbial metabolism. It is structured as concise definitions and terms, making it ideal for rapid revision and self-testing before exams. The material spans a wide range of topics typically included in MICR 2420 courses and is suitable for thorough exam preparation.

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41 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

scholarmotivator

Micr 2420 Questions With Correct Answers

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77 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

scholarmotivator

Does the plastic petri plate lid provide any protection against UV radiation? - Answer yes How was the effect of UV irradiation measured in the laboratory? - Answer decrease in colony number Which species of bacteria would be most resistant to UV irradiation as measured by colony formation? - Answer Bacillus subtilis Which of the following is not a characteristic of the 3+1 inoculation technique? - Answer Enables the selection of individual colonies How is the...

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11 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Select each of the options below that Corresponds to characteristics of adenoviruses - Answer All are correct The administration of smallpox vaccine was curtailed because it was found to be ineffective. - Answer False Please choose which set of circumstances would likely result in transmission of HBV from one individual to another to test your understanding of the known mechanisms of HBV transmission. - Answer Unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple partners How i...

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10 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Cyanobacteria - Answer Which one of the following microorganisms was once called blue-green algae? Mycoplasmas Cyanobacteria Chlamydiae Rickettsia Mycoplasmas - Answer Which one of the following is a prokaryote without a cell wall? Mycoplasmas Virus Rickettsia Cyanobacterium Fungi - Answer Which one of the following microorganisms has its own kingdom in the five-kingdom of classification? Viruses Algae Bacteria Fungi -Archea - Answer All of the ...

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13 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Innate immunity - Answer Resistance to pathogens conferred by barriers, chemicals, cells and processes that remain unchanged upon subsequent infections with the same pathogen Examples of innate immunity - Answer Skin Stomach acid (pH) epithelial barriers phagocytes Natural Killer cells (NK cells) Fixed phagocytes of the epidermis - Answer Dendritic cells Where are mucus-secreting membranes found? - Answer Urinary system Digestive cavity Respiratory passages...

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17 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

mutualism - Answer A relationship between two species in which both species benefit lichen - Answer The combination of a fungus and either an alga or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship synergism - Answer members cooperate and share nutrients methanogen - Answer a microorganism that produces methane gas commensalism - Answer A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffect...

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16 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

What could not be a product of fermentation? - Answer Lipopolysaccharides Which type of microscopy uses "glow in the dark" dyes to light up a specimen in the dark? - Answer Fluorescence Which type of light microscopy produces a bright specimen against a dark or black background? - Answer Dark Field Which scientist was the first to observe that hand washing prevented purpura after child birth? - Answer Semmelweis Which scientist was the first to reduce in...

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6 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

what are microbes? - Answer microorganisms; living things that are too small to be seen with the naked eye explain cell theory - Answer cells are the basic unit of all organisms; developed by Robert Hooke what is biogenesis? - Answer the idea that living things come from other living things who developed the concept of biogenesis? - Answer Rudolf Virchow -- although he didn't actually have proof what is spontaneous generation? - Answer something arise...

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4 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

What does sepsis refer to? - Answer Microbial contamination-especially in the body. What is aseptic technique? - Answer How to avoid microbial contamination-flaming, wiping down surfaces, etc. What is sterilization? - Answer Absence of all life What is the difference in antiseptics and disinfectants? - Answer Antiseptics kill bacteria on animal tissues. Disinfectants kill bacteria on fomites. What is the difference in bacteriostatic and bactericidal? - Answ...

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5 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

What do you in case of spills or breakage? - Answer Immediately inform your laboratory instructor or quarantine the area and wait for cleanup as instructed. All labels must contain? - Answer Initials ( all 3) & section number BMS L4 date 04/18/2018 medium or test NA(nutrient) name of organism ( or source of culture) E. coli What is light microscopy? - Answer Light microscopy utilizes lenses, typically produced from glass, to focus and magnify light rays passing throu...

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18 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Microbiology - Answer What is a detailed study of organisms and acellular entities too small to be clearly seen by the unaided eye called? Fungi, protisis, bacteria, archaea - Answer List the cellular microorganisms. Viruses, satellites, prions - Answer List the acellular microorganisms. 3.5 billion years - Answer According to fossil evidence, how long ago did prokaryotic organisms appear on earth? 1.8 billion years - Answer How long ago did eukaryotic o...

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28 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Which of the following family of viruses have DNA genomes - Answer Hepadnaviridae The single stranded negative strand RNA of a virus - Answer must be converted to positive strand RNA in order to be translated into proteins The distinction between a prion and a virus is that - Answer A prion is a single protein molecule whereas a virus may contain many copies of one or several proteins The Pasteur Swan Neck flask experiment shows that - Answer microorganisms are p...

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15 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Three domains of life - Answer Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea Which kingdoms contain unicellular organisms? - Answer Bacteria and Archaea Which kingdoms contain multicellular organisms? - Answer Plants and Animals (including fungi) Robert Hooke - Answer - Built the first compound microscope - 30x power - Observed and drew nematoes, mites, and mold sporangia - Coined the term cell Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek - Answer - Experimented with grinding v powerful le...

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28 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

What microbes can degrade and/or utilize every molecule on earth? - Answer bacteria and archaea What is botulism used for? - Answer medicine (is a very potent toxin; is a paralytic) How do we identify new bacteria? - Answer by sequence analysis of universal genes (i.e. with rRNA) What is a process that is preserved between cells? Why? - Answer translation of ribosomes; it is a complex process with lots of restraints on mutations (i.e. genes mutate very slowly) ...

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57 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria? a. Have peptidoglycan in their cell walls. b. All have the same shape. c. Grow by binary fission. d. Do not have a membrane bound nucleus - Answer b. All have the same shape. 2. Which of the following statements best defines "biogenesis"? a. Non-living matter gives rise to living organisms. b. A vital force necessary for life c. Air is necessary for living organisms. d. Living cells can only arise f...

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28 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Wet mount - Answer A slide preparation technique where a specimen is placed on the slide with a drop of liquid Darkfield microscopy - Answer Type of microscopy where a bright image is seen on a dark background Brightfield microscopy - Answer Type of microscopy where a dark image is seen on a bright background Phase contrast microscopy - Answer Type of microscopy where higher contrast and higher-definition images are produced Gram stain - Answer A differe...

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12 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

MICR 2420 Final Exam UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS What is a biofilm? - CORRECT ANSWER Complex assemblies of microbial communities attached to surfaces surrounded by a sticky and adhesive extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) matrix Microbes that are part of a biofilm are said to be... - CORRECT ANSWER antimicrobials What is quorum sensing? - CORRECT ANSWER Highly resistant to A mechanism for regulating assessing bacterial density and regulating density-dependen...

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16 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

STANFORDTOPGRADES

MICR 2420 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS Wet mount - CORRECT ANSWER on the slide with a drop of liquid A slide preparation technique where a specimen is placed Darkfield microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER on a dark background Brightfield microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER on a bright background Phase contrast microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER and higher-definition images are produced Gram stain - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where a bright image...

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14 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

STANFORDTOPGRADES

MICR 2420 Final Exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS How does the microbiota protect us? (4) - CORRECT ANSWER (colonize of good bacteria to prevent growth of pathogen- niche filled) -modify environment (change ph etc) -Stimulate host immune system (stimulate cytokines) -Competitive exclusion -Direct pacification (secrete factors that tell the pathogen not to be pathogenic) Name the two parts of the immune system - CORRECT ANSWER (born with) Adaptive Immune System (adapts over tim...

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8 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

STANFORDTOPGRADES

Micro 2420 Acc Lec Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers

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51 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

scholarmotivator