Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Many of the properties of water can be accounted for by the fact that correct answer: it is polar Compounds exist as a result of correct answer: chemical reaction In general, chemical bonding brings together elements in the correct ratios so that all of the atoms involved (except H and He) form a/an correct answer: octet What type of bond exists when valence electrons are shared between two atoms? correct answer: covalent bond What type of electron pair is indicated by the arrow ...

Which family of organic molecules is a hydro carbon correct answer: aromatic Which two functional groups does NOT contain oxygen? correct answer: amine Which factor is most important in determining the chemistry of an organic molecule? correct answer: the functional groups Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with the atoms connected differently are reffed to as correct answer: constitutional groups When hydrocarbons undergo complete combustion, the product(s...

Organic Chemistry correct answer: the study of the compounds of carbon Electronegativity correct answer: A measure of the force of an atom's attraction for the electrons it shares in a chemical bond with another atom -increases from left to right -increases from bottom to top Difference between EN < 0.5 correct answer: Nonpolar covalent; two nonmetals or a nonmetal and a metalloid 0.5<Difference between EN>1.9 correct answer: Polar covalent; two nonmetals or a nonmetal a...

strong base, weak nucleophile correct answer: NaH strong base, weak nucleophile correct answer: DBN strong base, weak nucleophile correct answer: DBU strong base, strong nucleophile correct answer: HO- strong base, strong nucleophile correct answer: MeO- strong base, strong nucleophile correct answer: EtO- weak base, strong nucleophile correct answer: I- weak base, strong nucleophile correct answer: Br- weak base, strong nucleophile correct answer: Cl- weak ba...

What is an electrophile? correct answer: compound or ion that are poor in electron density- LOVES AVAILABLE ELECTRONS Same as Lewis Acid What is a nucleophile? correct answer: is an ion or a compound that is capable of donating a pair of electrons-- THEY WOULD LOVE TO ATTACK A NUCLEUS These are the exact same a Lewis Base THESE SHARE ELECTRON DENSITY Examples of Nucleophiles correct answer: I-, Cl-, Br-, HS-, RO-, HO-,NH2- Nucleophilic Attack correct answer: shows the nuc...

Friederich Wohler correct answer: Father of organic chemistry Determined that biological molecules can be synthesized in lab Carbon correct answer: Very stable Wants 4 bonds Can bond with many things Organic Compounds correct answer: Contain carbon Atoms bound by covalent bonds Essential to life! ex. amino acids; DNA Element Bond Preferences correct answer: Carbon: 4 bonds -Can be single, double, or triple Nitrogen: 3 bonds, 1 lone pair -Single, double, or triple Oxygen: 2...

Is SN2 concerted or stepwise correct answer: Concerted Is SN1 concerted or stepwise correct answer: Stepwise When is there a change in configuration in an SN2 correct answer: When alpha position is a chiral center What type of substrate reacts most quickly for SN2 correct answer: Primary What type of substrate reacts most quickly for SN1 correct answer: Tertiary (bc more stable carbocation) What type of nucleophiles favor SN2 correct answer: Strong List 9 strong nucleophi...

Enzymes correct answer: Proteins that act as catalyst for biochemical reactions Are enzymes consumed in a reaction? correct answer: Not consumed during the reaction Majority of enzymes are correct answer: Globular proteins Enzyme activity is affected by correct answer: pH, Temperature, or concentration What do enzyme co factors do? correct answer: Provide additional chemically reactive functional groups What are the categories of co factor enzymes correct answer: Simple meta...

ionic, dipole-dipole,london correct answer: the order of bonds strongest to weakest two substituents are on the same side of the double bond correct answer: which statement best describes cis stereochemistry in an alkene? on opposite sides of the double bond correct answer: substituents on a carbon-carbon double bond that are trans are oxygen,carbons correct answer: an ether contains an____________bound by single bonds to two ____________ alcohols correct answer: when aldehydes ...

IR Spectra correct answer: -Absorption of radiation causes vibrational excitation of functional groups *making it easy to ID functional groups* *0-5000cm-1* H NMR Spectra correct answer: *0-12ppm* C NMR Spectra correct answer: *0-200ppm* Mass Spec correct answer: -Used to measure the molecular weight (mass) of the compound. Alkyne Reactions correct answer: *1* Alkyne + H2/Pd &C = Alkene *2* Alkyne + H2/Lindlav Cat.= Cis Alkene *3* Alkyne + Li or Na/Liquid NH3= Trans Alkene ...