- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What type of information is available in an SDS that is of particular importance to students in this lab? - Answer * product identification * toxicity * handling precautions *hazards * physical & chemical properties, If a student is working with strong acid and splashes some on his/her hand, what should be done first? - Answer Remove the glove and wash the affected area with a steady stream of cold water for 10-15 minutes If a student splashes a very small amount of an organic so...

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25 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Thermodynamics - Answer extent to which a reaction goes to completion Kinetics - Answer speed of a reaction Thermodynamic control - Answer most stable product formed Kinetic control - Answer fastest product formed First Order Reaction - Answer Only dependent on concentration of one of the reactants Second Order Reaction - Answer Dependent on concentration of two of the reactants Bronsted Acid - Answer Proton Donor Bronsted Base - Answer Proton Accept...

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5 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

The bond strength of C-X decreases as - Answer size of X increases F>Cl>Br>I bond dissociation The bond between carbon and halogen is made up of an - Answer sp3 orbital on carbon and a p orbital of the halogen Short bonds are stronger than - Answer longer bonds Boiling points of haloalkanes are generally higher than - Answer corresponding alkanes; due to dipole dipole interactions Boiling points also rise with increasing - Answer size of the halogen polar...

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14 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Addition of OH ANTI to added H in alkene -MORE substituted side - Answer 1. Hg(OAc)2, H2O, THF 2. NaBH4, NaOH, H2O -Addition of 2H in SYN fashion to alkene -Top or Bottom face - Answer H2 Pd/C or PtO2 -Addition of Br, Cl, I in ANTI or SYN fashion to alkene -Cl/Br/I added to MORE substituted side - Answer HBr, HI, HCl -Addition of OH in ANTI or SYN fashion to alkene -OH added to MORE substituted side - Answer H2O, H2SO4 -Addition of 2Br or 2Cl to alkene -ANTI additi...

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8 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

What are the phases of TLC? - Answer 1. Stationary phase 2. Mobile phase stationary phase - Answer the absorbent in a thin layer (silica, TLC, SiO2) and the absorbent is adhered to a solid support (plastic/glass) Mobile Phase - Answer fluid/solvent which flows through absorbent via capillary action How to assess purity of a substance - Answer 1. Visualization 2. MP analysis TLC - Answer valuable technique for separation and identification of a mixture of organic co...

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2 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

What type of reaction do alkanes undergo? - Answer Radical reactions What do radical reactions begin with? - Answer The breaking of a bond, also known as bond dissociation What is halogenation? - Answer A radical reaction in which a hydrogen atom in an alkane is replaced by a halogen. An alkane becomes a haloalkane and a reactive functional group is added What is bond dissociation energy? - Answer The amount of energy needed to break a bond and is a quantitative measure of b...

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6 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Radical Halogenation of Alkanes (X2, hv) - Answer alkane → racemic alkyl halide SN1 (weak nuc) - Answer 2° or 3° alkyl halide → racemic alcohol SN2 (strong nuc, polar aprotic solv) - Answer 1° or 2° alkyl halide → umbrella-flipped substituted alkane E1 (weak nuc/base, Δ) - Answer 2° or 3° alkyl halide → alkene E2 (strong base, polar aprotic solv) - Answer any alkyl halide → alkene Ester Hydrolysis (1. strong nuc 2. strong base) - Answer 1...

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7 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Lower - Answer A higher boiling point corresponds to a ___ vapor pressure Water higher than ethanol - Answer Ethanol has a higher vapor pressure than water. Compare their boiling points Ethanol higher than water - Answer Water has a higher boiling point than ethanol. Compare their vapor pressures PV=nRT - Answer Equation that relates vapor pressure, volume, temperature, and moles Lower - Answer A lower vapor pressure corresponds to a ___ number of moles in vapor phase ...

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6 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

SN1 - Answer The conversion of 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-diol into 2,5-dichloro-2,5-dimethylhexane is a ___ mechanism HCl, H2O - Answer What are the reagents of the SN1 reaction? Product of the E1 pathway, water - Answer What are possible sources of contamination of the SN1 reaction? Impure product has a larger melting point range - Answer Compare the melting point range of a pure product in the SN1 reaction and an impure one Pure crystals have a higher melting point - Answe...

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8 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS

Organic Chemistry - Answer The chemistry of carbon and its compounds (organic molecules) Heteroatoms - Answer Any atom other than C or H used in organic molecules Covalent Bond - Answer Sharing of electrons between two atoms Ionic Bond - Answer Electrostatic attraction of two ions with opposite charges Polar Covalent Bonding - Answer Unequal sharing of electrons due to electronegativity differences; creates a dipole moment Dipole - Answer Separation of opposite c...

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4 pages

Written in 2026/2027

Grade A+

COCOSOLUTIONS