Genetics

Expected Phenotype ratio of dihybrid cross 9:3:3:1 Flower color in a plant you are studying is produced through a series of enzymatic reactions. In one step, controlled by the P locus, a yellow pigment is altered to be pink. There is a recessive p allele at that locus and the yellow-to-pink alteration is not made. Individuals with the pp genotype have yellow flowers. In the next step, controlled by the R locus, the dominant trait modifies the pink pigment to be a deep red. If you perform a ...

1. True (mark A) or false (mark B): Both animals and plants are eukaryotes. A 2. Animals are _______. a. Prokaryotic b.Eukaryotic c.Neither eukaryotic nor prokaryotic d.Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic B 3.Most animals are primarily composed of __________. a.Haploid cells b.Somatic cells c.Gametes B 4.A genome is ___________. SG1 #5 a.The information needed to make a single protein b.The total collection of proteins needed to make an organism c.A chromosome d.The total collection...

The preinitiation complex forms in bacteria when the start codon is recognized through binding of 16srRNA and what region of mRNA? a. Shine-Delgarno sequence b. Kozak sequence c. 5'-UTR d. Poly-Adenylation site e. CATAAT a. Shine-Delgarno sequence During translation initiation in eukaryotes, the amino acid on the initiator tRNA is: a. Acetylated methionine (aMet) b. added using ATP as the energy source c. methionine (Met) d. IF-1 e. N-formylmethionine (fMet) c. methionine (Me...

The punnett square shows that the gene for pea shape and and the gene for pea color are linked The principles of probability can be used to predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic crosses A punnett square shows all the following except the actual results of a genetic cross In the P generation, a yellow pea plant was crossed with a green pea plant. If alleles did not segregate during gamete formation all of the F1 plants would be green Gregor Mendel's principles of gene...

Discuss the concepts of homologous chromosomes, diploidy, and haploidy. What characteristics do two homologous chromosomes share? Homologous chromosomes are similar, but not identical. One comes from mom and one from dad. They carry genes for the same inherited characteristic, may of which carry different versions of the same gene. Two homologous chromosomes share position of the centromere, type/location of genes, and length/shape. Diploidy- means that both members of a homologous pair are pre...

Which term or phrase is used to describe the ability of the environment to cause different phenotypes to develop from the same genotype? A. Developmental plasticity B. Histone modification C. Phenotype variability D. Nutrigenomics A. Developmental plasticity How is alcohol consumption thought to increase methylation in cancer suppressor genes to increase the risk for head and neck cancer? A. Preventing DNA repair B. Enhancing cell division C. Acting as a methyl donor D. Activating ...

DNA fragments cut by restriction enzymes can form two types of ends. What are these ends called? Sticky and blunt ends The restriction enzyme HincII was isolated from the bacterium Haemophilas influenza. The DNA sequence cut by this enzyme is shown here. (Note that Y means any pyrimidine--C or T--and that R means any purine--A or G.) CTY*RAC GAR*YTG HincII is a blunt-end cutter that cuts after the Y. The lambda phage genome is 48.5 kb in size and has 50% GC content. Approximately how ...

What are 3 ways to improve GWAS? - more power -> increase sample size, increase effect - better chip design or sequencing to detect rarer variants - better case vs control definition -> e.g. some control may have hypertension (ht) but not identified and the study may be looking at genome for ht What would it mean if HT had fewer risk alleles of larger effect sizes than other complex phenotypes? identification of susceptible variants for ht is likely to be reliant on synthesis of findi...

The principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment were first described by A. Darwin B. Waston and Crick C. Lamarck D. Mendel Gregor Mendel developed some basic principles of heredity based on his (1) dissection of the flowers of both tall and short African violet plants (2) microscopic observation of the nuclei of fruit fly cells (3) biochemical analysis of DNA produced in the F2 generations of roan cattle (4) mathematical analysis of the offspring produced by crossin...

Why do scientists think that all forms of life on earth have a common origin? All living organisms use the same genetic code Related genes from different organisms have similar nucleotide sequences Different organisms have related genes with similar functions Related genes from different organisms have similar amino acid sequences All the choices are correct All the choices are correct If an Ss x Ss mating is performed and the progeny have the following phenotypic ratios of 3 S_ , (- in...