FNDH 400
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FNDH-400 EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND 
COMPLETE ANSWERS { GRADED A+} 
Macronutrients - Nutrients that are needed in larger amounts 
Micronutrients: - Nutrients needed in smaller amounts but as 
equally important as macro-nut. 
Name 4 examples of Macro-nuts - Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, 
and water. 
Name 2 micro-nuts - Vitamins and minerals. 
Carbohydrates - It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 
exs) table sugar, oatmeal, rice, etc. 
Protein - Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,...
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FNDH-400 EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND 
COMPLETE ANSWERS { GRADED A+} 
Macronutrients - Nutrients that are needed in larger amounts 
Micronutrients: - Nutrients needed in smaller amounts but as 
equally important as macro-nut. 
Name 4 examples of Macro-nuts - Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, 
and water. 
Name 2 micro-nuts - Vitamins and minerals. 
Carbohydrates - It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 
exs) table sugar, oatmeal, rice, etc. 
Protein - Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,...
FNDH 400 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
Crypts of Lieberkuhn 
pits b/w villi 
Do crypts contain stem cells true/false 
true 
Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down more into the crypts true/false 
False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt 
What happen to enterocytes as they reach the top of the villus 
They are sloughed off and either digested as lip and protein contain or excreted in feces 
Absorpt...
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FNDH 400 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
Crypts of Lieberkuhn 
pits b/w villi 
Do crypts contain stem cells true/false 
true 
Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down more into the crypts true/false 
False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt 
What happen to enterocytes as they reach the top of the villus 
They are sloughed off and either digested as lip and protein contain or excreted in feces 
Absorpt...
Summary FNDH 400 Final Exam Topics to Know. 
 
Macronutrients, Micronutrients 
· Macronutrients 
Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Water 
· Micronutrients 
Vitamins, Minerals 
what a "calorie," as used by the public, represents 
Food energy is measured in kilocalories (kcals), commonly referred to as calories by general public 
what nutrients provide energy and how much 
Carbs (4), Proteins (4), Lipids (9), Alcohol (7) 
functional foods, phytochemicals, and zoochemicals 
· Functional foods: beyond t...
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Summary FNDH 400 Final Exam Topics to Know. 
 
Macronutrients, Micronutrients 
· Macronutrients 
Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Water 
· Micronutrients 
Vitamins, Minerals 
what a "calorie," as used by the public, represents 
Food energy is measured in kilocalories (kcals), commonly referred to as calories by general public 
what nutrients provide energy and how much 
Carbs (4), Proteins (4), Lipids (9), Alcohol (7) 
functional foods, phytochemicals, and zoochemicals 
· Functional foods: beyond t...
FNDH 400 Exam 4 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
1-Carbon Metabolism 
Focused on the metabolism, or movement, of methyl groups 
 
Specifically single carbon, primarily -CH3 groups 
Folic Acid 
Synthetic 
 
Monoglutamate 
 
Oxidized form 
 
Stable 
Folate 
Natural 
 
Reduced form 
 
Contains multiple glutamates in tail 
 
Heat and light sensitive 
True or False -- Prior to uptake, glutamates will be cleaved off of folic acid to form the monoglutamate form 
False -- glutamates will be c...
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FNDH 400 Exam 4 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
1-Carbon Metabolism 
Focused on the metabolism, or movement, of methyl groups 
 
Specifically single carbon, primarily -CH3 groups 
Folic Acid 
Synthetic 
 
Monoglutamate 
 
Oxidized form 
 
Stable 
Folate 
Natural 
 
Reduced form 
 
Contains multiple glutamates in tail 
 
Heat and light sensitive 
True or False -- Prior to uptake, glutamates will be cleaved off of folic acid to form the monoglutamate form 
False -- glutamates will be c...
FNDH 400 Final Exam Study Guide 
 
PKU 
In individuals with PKU, phenylalanine can't be converted to tyrosine because of the mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase. So tyrosine is conditionally essential 
DIASS V PCDAAS 
PDCAAS uses total digestibility, a single reference pattern, and is truncated 
AAS V PDCAAS 
PDCAAS also takes into account protein digestibility 
sucrose v high fructose corn syrup 
The fructose in sucrose is bonded to glucose, so it will result in the same free fructose avail...
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FNDH 400 Final Exam Study Guide 
 
PKU 
In individuals with PKU, phenylalanine can't be converted to tyrosine because of the mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase. So tyrosine is conditionally essential 
DIASS V PCDAAS 
PDCAAS uses total digestibility, a single reference pattern, and is truncated 
AAS V PDCAAS 
PDCAAS also takes into account protein digestibility 
sucrose v high fructose corn syrup 
The fructose in sucrose is bonded to glucose, so it will result in the same free fructose avail...
FNDH 400 Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
Carbohydrates are made of 
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 
Proteins are made of 
Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
Lipids include 
fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids 
Lipids are made of 
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 
Macronutrients definition 
Nutrients needed in large amounts 
Micronutrients definition 
Nutrients needed in smaller amounts but still important 
What are the macronutrients? 
Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Water 
What are the mic...
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FNDH 400 Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
Carbohydrates are made of 
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 
Proteins are made of 
Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
Lipids include 
fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids 
Lipids are made of 
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 
Macronutrients definition 
Nutrients needed in large amounts 
Micronutrients definition 
Nutrients needed in smaller amounts but still important 
What are the macronutrients? 
Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Water 
What are the mic...
FNDH 400 Exam 3 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
Where does the name Vitamin come from? 
Vital amines --> Vitamines, but when it was discovered they weren't amines, the E was dropped 
Fat soluble vitamins 
A, D, E, K 
Water Soluble Vitamins 
C, B 
What B vitamin numbers are missing? Why? 
B4, B8, B10, B11 
Were discovered and then removed due to redudancy 
EV McCollum and vitamins 
Theorized fat-soluble factor A that deficiency led to ophthalmia (inflammation of the eye) and water...
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FNDH 400 Exam 3 Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 
 
Where does the name Vitamin come from? 
Vital amines --> Vitamines, but when it was discovered they weren't amines, the E was dropped 
Fat soluble vitamins 
A, D, E, K 
Water Soluble Vitamins 
C, B 
What B vitamin numbers are missing? Why? 
B4, B8, B10, B11 
Were discovered and then removed due to redudancy 
EV McCollum and vitamins 
Theorized fat-soluble factor A that deficiency led to ophthalmia (inflammation of the eye) and water...
FNDH 400 final exam 2022/2023 questions and answers 
 
T/F Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both polysaccharide and a probiotic 
False, Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both OLIGOSACCHARIDE and a PREBIOTIC 
T/F Different than the ...
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FNDH 400 final exam 2022/2023 questions and answers 
 
T/F Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both polysaccharide and a probiotic 
False, Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both OLIGOSACCHARIDE and a PREBIOTIC 
T/F Different than the ...
FNDH 400 final exam 2022/2023 questions and answers 
 
T/F Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both polysaccharide and a probiotic 
False, Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both OLIGOSACCHARIDE and a PREBIOTIC 
T/F Different than the ...
- Exam (elaborations)
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FNDH 400•FNDH 400
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FNDH 400 final exam 2022/2023 questions and answers 
 
T/F Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both polysaccharide and a probiotic 
False, Your friend synthesizes a compound that is 3 fructoses and 4 galactose bonded together. This compound is selectively fermented by beneficial colon bacteria and thus is both OLIGOSACCHARIDE and a PREBIOTIC 
T/F Different than the ...
FNDH 400 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (2022/2023) (Verified Answers) 
 
Crypts of Lieberkuhn 
pits b/w villi 
Do crypts contain stem cells true/false 
true 
Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down more into the crypts true/false 
False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt 
What happen to enterocytes as they reach the top of the villus 
They are sloughed off and either digested as lip and protein contain or excreted in fec...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 12 pages's •
-
FNDH 400•FNDH 400
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FNDH 400 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (2022/2023) (Verified Answers) 
 
Crypts of Lieberkuhn 
pits b/w villi 
Do crypts contain stem cells true/false 
true 
Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down more into the crypts true/false 
False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt 
What happen to enterocytes as they reach the top of the villus 
They are sloughed off and either digested as lip and protein contain or excreted in fec...