BIOL4004

WEEK 1-3 MATERIAL BIOL4004 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ What is the difference of light and electron microscopy? interaction of light with tissue vs. interaction of electrons with tissue What does electron microscopy allow you to see more clearly? macromolecules and subcellular structures Define detection the ability to determine the presence of an object Define resolution The ability to distinguish between two objects close together Define the limit o...

BIOL4004 EXAM I QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE E. coli DNA replication, transcription, translation D. melanogaster homeotic (hox) genes S. cerevisiae cell division C. elegans cell death (ced) genes M. musculus diseases X. laevis embryology organizer tissue that can change whole structure of developing body genetic redundancy vertebrate genome = repeated duplication whole-genome-duplication whole genome duplicated few times phospholip...

BIOL4004 EXAM II QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE tight junction seals gap between epithelial cells and prevents leakage tight junction functions diffusion barrier, fences within the membrane tight junction proteins claudin and occludin adherins connects actin filaments cadherins cell-cell adhesion via adherins or desmosomes characteristics of cadherins Ca2+ dependent, facilitates selective cell sorting (low/high cad), mediate homophilic adhesi...

BIOL4004 VISUALIZING CELLS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE What are light microscopes formed by? The interaction of light with tissue components What are electron microscopes formed by? The interaction of electrons with tissue components Definition of detection Ability to perceive (detect) the presence of an object Definition of resolution The ability to discriminate between (resolve) two objects that are close together Definition of limit of ...

BIOL4004 WEEK 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Hybridoma cell line A fusion of a B lymphocyte and a tumor cell that produces unlimited quantities of a particular antibody In vitro Experiments carried out using cultured cells in a dish ("in glass") Column chromatography General term for a purification technique that separates proteins by passing over a matrix-filled column Gel filtration chromatography Use of this technique based on size Affinity chro...

BIOL4004 WEEK 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE Detection The ability to perceive an object Resolution The ability to discriminate between two objects that are close together Limit of Resolution The maximum amount of information that can be obtained from an image, determined by the lens numerical aperture (N.A.) and illumination wavelength Numerical Aperture (N.A.) A measure of the light gathering capability of a lens Fixation Use of a chem...

BIOL4004 WEEK 5 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE TOM complex This mitochondrial outer membrane translocator imports nearly all nucleus-encoded proteins from the cytosol into the mitochondrial intermembrane space Nucleoporins Have eight-fold rotational symmetry and enable bidirectional transport between nucleus and cytosol Rough endoplasmic reticulum Membranous tubules and sacs specialized for protein production and folding, have ribosomes attached...

BIOL4004 WEEK 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE Hedgehog pathway Components of this signaling pathway are held in close proximity due to their localization in the primary cilium. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Transmembrane proteins with encoded or associated kinase activity; ligand binding induces dimerization that brings the kinase domains together to activate them. Src homology 2 (SH2) domains Sequence in an intracellular signaling protein t...

BIOL4004 WEEK 3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE Membrane-anchored protein Protein attached to membrane by a covalent lipid modification Unsaturated fatty acid A fatty acid with one or more carbon cis-double bonds Micelles A droplet of amphiphilic molecules (lipid or detergent) in water with polar, hydrophilic domains facing out and hydrophobic, non-polar domains packed together in the interior Alpha helix The structure formed by most membrane-s...

BIOL4004 WEEK 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE Passive transport When a molecule moves across a membrane through a transporter or channel without the use of energy Optogenetics A technique using focused blue light to depolarize a specific neuron expressing a channelrhodopsin derivative Membrane potential The voltage difference across a membrane created by electrochemical gradients Aquaporins Channels that use a hydrogen bond relay mechanism ...