Emotion, Cognition & Behavior VU Amsterdam, Year 2, Period 5
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Chapter 2 & 3
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, Lecture 1: Life Review Method
|
Cognitive triad The cognitive triad model sates that behavior, cognitions & emotions are
interrelated and influence each other. They’re related to attention, information
selection, interpretation & memory retrieval, including positive & negative
biases.
Life Review Reviewing one’s life is considered an important developmental process for
promoting psychological and spiritual well-being and achieving ego integrity (a
whole sense of self) in older people.
In the life review, you recollect memories, which is a constructive process.
Memory recollection is influenced by the present sense of self and the current
social situation the person is in.
The life review can assess someone’s past development on the Erikson stages
.
.
Functions of reviewing one’s life are:
£
÷Well being
-
1. It helps with positive self integration (establishing your identity,
reconciling with the past and uses memories to solve current issues)
2. It has social functions (you can inform and converse with others)
3. Reduce negative self integration (= using memories as a distraction,
T
feeling bitter & holding on too strongly to memories of loved ones)
B.
related to
& depression
anxiety
,Autobiographical = an aspect of memory that is related to the recollection of past events that a
memory person has experienced that are of fundamental significance for their sense
of self & goal orientation.
Loo People can range from being very general to being specific.
Overgeneralization of memory (e.g. saying you had a ‘fantastic childhood’
instead of naming concrete events) is a marker/predictor or depression.
(this is often observed in people with avoidant attachment)
Structure of the AM memory:
1.
1. Life time periods (e.g. childhood, teenage years)
2. Categorical events that occur repeatedly (e.g. holidays, birthdays)
3. Specific events (<24 hrs) (e.g. going to Paris, 13th birthday)
Reminisce & children - It has been found that reminisce about events with children caused those
children to be better able to memorize that event months later.
- Children of families that share dinner
together have less adjustment problems
(e.g. anxiety, poor grades etc.) than those
who do not, likely because they talk about
their day (= better well being and ego
integration)
LR method goal The goal of the life review method is to influence
the selection, interpretation & memory of events
& to train the client to recall specific positive
memories or reinterpret experiences from a
positive point of view
—>
¥ Retrieving positive emotions to break the cycle of negative cognitions
'
LR method effects - In residential nursing centers, the LR method has more effect when the
client has more depressive symptoms
-
I LR has more effect in community-dwelling clients compared to those residing
in nursing homes
- Structured LR has a more effect on well-being than unstructured reminiscence
(1.04 effect size vs 0.40)
- Even in non-depressed older adults, the LR intervention decreases depressive
symptoms, improves life satisfaction & increases specific positive memories
, Steering towards the Ways to steer a client towards seeing the positive:
positive - Asking what it taught or brought them when they mention smth negative
I
- Positive labeling (e.g. were you shy or modest? Modest = more positive)
- Differentiate, ask for positive exceptions
- Ask for positive aspects of negative situations(what helped you through?)
Offering compliments and support can be done through
- Complimenting the content and process (e.g. you did a kind thing)
:
- Appreciate the effort of a person
- Give support in difficult moments but steer back to the strengths of that
person (e.g. that must have been hard, how did you keep up?)
- Provide recognition
How to use this summary:
Use the sidebar with cues of topics and terms to
study by covering the actual content next to it
(If you want, you can also add your own cues)
Chapter 2 & 3
Here you can write a quick note
Blue highlights Green highlights are for structuring
indicate a topic 1. Terms can also be highlighted in the text
2. Sometimes, if an explanation is a bit longer (or you want to scan the text),
a pink highlight might be used again to give structure to the text and
Yellow highlights highlight the most important aspects of the text.
indicate a term
, Lecture 1: Life Review Method
|
Cognitive triad The cognitive triad model sates that behavior, cognitions & emotions are
interrelated and influence each other. They’re related to attention, information
selection, interpretation & memory retrieval, including positive & negative
biases.
Life Review Reviewing one’s life is considered an important developmental process for
promoting psychological and spiritual well-being and achieving ego integrity (a
whole sense of self) in older people.
In the life review, you recollect memories, which is a constructive process.
Memory recollection is influenced by the present sense of self and the current
social situation the person is in.
The life review can assess someone’s past development on the Erikson stages
.
.
Functions of reviewing one’s life are:
£
÷Well being
-
1. It helps with positive self integration (establishing your identity,
reconciling with the past and uses memories to solve current issues)
2. It has social functions (you can inform and converse with others)
3. Reduce negative self integration (= using memories as a distraction,
T
feeling bitter & holding on too strongly to memories of loved ones)
B.
related to
& depression
anxiety
,Autobiographical = an aspect of memory that is related to the recollection of past events that a
memory person has experienced that are of fundamental significance for their sense
of self & goal orientation.
Loo People can range from being very general to being specific.
Overgeneralization of memory (e.g. saying you had a ‘fantastic childhood’
instead of naming concrete events) is a marker/predictor or depression.
(this is often observed in people with avoidant attachment)
Structure of the AM memory:
1.
1. Life time periods (e.g. childhood, teenage years)
2. Categorical events that occur repeatedly (e.g. holidays, birthdays)
3. Specific events (<24 hrs) (e.g. going to Paris, 13th birthday)
Reminisce & children - It has been found that reminisce about events with children caused those
children to be better able to memorize that event months later.
- Children of families that share dinner
together have less adjustment problems
(e.g. anxiety, poor grades etc.) than those
who do not, likely because they talk about
their day (= better well being and ego
integration)
LR method goal The goal of the life review method is to influence
the selection, interpretation & memory of events
& to train the client to recall specific positive
memories or reinterpret experiences from a
positive point of view
—>
¥ Retrieving positive emotions to break the cycle of negative cognitions
'
LR method effects - In residential nursing centers, the LR method has more effect when the
client has more depressive symptoms
-
I LR has more effect in community-dwelling clients compared to those residing
in nursing homes
- Structured LR has a more effect on well-being than unstructured reminiscence
(1.04 effect size vs 0.40)
- Even in non-depressed older adults, the LR intervention decreases depressive
symptoms, improves life satisfaction & increases specific positive memories
, Steering towards the Ways to steer a client towards seeing the positive:
positive - Asking what it taught or brought them when they mention smth negative
I
- Positive labeling (e.g. were you shy or modest? Modest = more positive)
- Differentiate, ask for positive exceptions
- Ask for positive aspects of negative situations(what helped you through?)
Offering compliments and support can be done through
- Complimenting the content and process (e.g. you did a kind thing)
:
- Appreciate the effort of a person
- Give support in difficult moments but steer back to the strengths of that
person (e.g. that must have been hard, how did you keep up?)
- Provide recognition
