Summary scientific skills 1 - classification different types of research

Classificatie verschillende soorten onderzoek op basis
van
1) Purpose
 Basic/fundamental:
 Parctical and applied:

2) Depth of Scope
 Descriptive studies
= based on descriptive statistics
1. Exploration
2. Description
- Describe situations, events, phenomena…
- Better understanding
- Without association or causality
 organizing and summarizing data: graphs, charts, tables, summaries, mean, std… to
describe characteristics of a population sample

 Explanatory studies
= based on inferential statistics
- Explanation
- Prediction and control (correlational)
 effective data interpretation: establish relationships, association, causality… between
collected data, different variables in a population sample

 explanatory studies, prediction and control
- which variables are predictive of other variables/outcomes
- determine causality (e.g., one event causes another to happen)
- Active intervention to change one of the variables/outcomes = Control
- Random selection of participants
But inclusion/exclusion criteria (randomized control trials)
- Random assignment to intervention or control

3) Type of Data Used
 Qualitative
 Quantitative

4) Degree of Manipulation of Variables
 Experimental Research
- Random selection of participants
- Random assignment to the intervention or control group
- Evidence is considered stronger
 Non-Experimental Research (or observational study)
 Quasi-Experimental Research
- Selection of participants is NOT random
- Assignment to the intervention or control group is NOT random
- Evidence is considered weaker

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