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Begrijp de belangrijkste theorieën over ethisch redeneren
Begrijp de belangrijkste theorieën over ethisch redeneren
Utilitarisme:
- Gevolgenethiek
- Actie goed of slecht?
- Focus op de gevolgen van de actie
- Als het eindresultaat positief is dan rechtvaardigt dit de actie
- Visies op nut:
o Acties vergelijken in de mate dat ze plezier & pijn veroorzaken (cost-benefit analyse)
BENTHAM
o Acties kunnen niet altijd vergeleken worden (pleasure of the mind > physical pleasure)
MILL
Deontologie:
- Plichtenethiek
- Actie juist of fout?
- Focus op de middelen → hoe wordt een doel bereikt?
Erken de rol die intuïties kunnen spelen in ethisch beslissingsgedrag
Erken de rol die intuïties kunnen spelen in ethisch beslissingsgedrag
Individuen hebben aangeboren ethische intuïties: care for others and protect them from harm, be concerned for fairness, be loyal to those in their group, value liberty etc.
Altruïstisch maar versterken eigenbelang + groepsbelang
Greene: intuïties in lijn met utilitarisme (care for others) en intuïties in lijn met deontologie (verheid)
Ethische intuïties zijn aangeboren maar ontwikkelen zich ook verder doorheen het leven
Installeer groepsbesluitvorming, gebruik makend van inquiry en advocacy
Installeer groepsbesluitvorming, gebruik makend van inquiry en advocacy
Installeer groepsbesluitvorming, gebruik makend van inquiry en advocacy
Team decision-making:
- Individuele besluitvorming
- Groepsbesluitvorming:
o Inquiry-based: open uitwisseling van standpunten & ideeën (samenwerken)
o Advocacy-based: overtuigen groepsleden van gelijk (conflict)
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