Lisarhodes411

What best defines a nucleotide? A. A protein that coils DNA B. The monomer of nucleic acids made of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base C. A strand of RNA D. A type of chromosome Rationale: The correct answer is the monomer of nucleic acids made of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base. Proteins coil DNA but are not nucleotides, and chromosomes are larger DNA structures. Which nitrogenous bases are classified as pyrimidines? A. Adenine and guanine B. Cyto...

Which primary function of bones allows them to store calcium and phosphate ions for the body? A. Protection B. Support C. Blood cell formation D. Mineral storage Answer: D Rationale: Bones store essential minerals like calcium and phosphate. Protection, support, and blood cell formation are important functions but do not involve mineral storage. Which skeletal function provides a rigid framework that maintains body shape and supports organs? A. Mineral storage B. Blood cell form...

What structure is common to all cells? A. Nucleus B. Mitochondria C. Cell membrane D. Golgi complex Rationale: The correct answer is cell membrane, which is present in all cells and defines the cell boundary. Not all cells have a nucleus, mitochondria, or Golgi complex (e.g., prokaryotes). What is the primary structural component of the cell membrane? A. Proteins B. Cholesterol C. Carbohydrates D. Phospholipids Rationale: The correct answer is phospholipids, which f...

Which of the following sentences is written in correct parallel structure? a. She enjoys hiking, to swim, and riding bicycles. b. She enjoys hiking, swimming, and to ride bicycles. c. She enjoys hiking, swimming, and riding bicycles. d. She enjoys to hike, swimming, and riding bicycles. Rationale: The correct answer uses parallel verb forms (all gerunds ending in -ing). The other options mix infinitives and gerunds, breaking parallel structure. Which sentence correctly uses a se...

Why are pure cultures necessary for biochemical testing? a) They save time and resources b) Mixed cultures give more accurate results c) They prevent skewed results caused by unwanted organisms d) They allow faster bacterial growth Rationale: Pure cultures ensure the test results are only from the organism being studied, avoiding contamination. Mixed cultures can produce inaccurate or misleading results. Why do you need to know the Gram reaction and morphology of an organism before bio...

A nurse is caring for a postoperative trauma patient with signs of restlessness and confusion. The patient’s ABG shows pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 30 mmHg, and HCO₃⁻ 24 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance should the nurse suspect? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Metabolic alkalosis Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis results from hyperventilation causing CO₂ loss. • (A) and (B) both show low pH. • (D) would show high pH with elevated HCO₃...

Which major blood vessel carries deoxygenated (oxygen-poor) blood to the heart? a) Pulmonary artery b) Pulmonary vein c) Aorta d) Vena cava Rationale: The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium of the heart. The pulmonary artery carries blood from the heart to the lungs, the pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood from the lungs, and the aorta distributes oxygenated blood to the body. Which of the following is not a sign of internal bleeding in...

Which of the following best defines a hematoma? A) A scrape on the skin surface B) A blood clot that travels to the lungs C) A collection of blood within damaged tissue or a body cavity D) A laceration caused by a blunt object Rationale: A hematoma refers to blood that has accumulated within damaged tissue or a body cavity due to vessel rupture. An abrasion (A) affects only the superficial skin layer. An embolus (B) is a traveling clot. A laceration (D) is a torn or jagged woun...

An oropharyngeal airway is indicated in which type of patient? A) Semi-conscious patient with intact gag reflex B) Unconscious patient without an intact gag reflex C) Conscious patient with snoring respirations D) Patient with suspected caustic ingestion Rationale: An oropharyngeal airway (OPA) is used only in unconscious patients without a gag reflex to prevent airway obstruction by the tongue. It is contraindicated in patients with gag reflexes or caustic ingestion because it can t...

A man at a sushi bar whispers that a piece of fish is stuck in his throat but is still able to speak. What should you do next? A. Perform abdominal thrusts immediately B. Encourage him to cough it up C. Perform back blows D. Attempt to pull out the obstruction with your fingers Correct answer: B. Encourage him to cough it up Rationale: The ability to speak indicates a partial airway obstruction. Encourage the patient to cough forcefully to clear it. Abdominal thrusts or back blow...