Availability heuristic Study guides, Study notes & Summaries

social psychology - Answer-the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another social influence - Answer-the effect that the words, actions, or mere presence of other people have on our thoughts, feelings, attitudes, or behavior evolutionary psychology - Answer-the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection fundamental attribution - Answer-the tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestima...

critical thinking involves ______ - Answer-rational evaluation (T/F) Experienced philosophers or other specialists in their fields never make mistakes in reasonings - Answer-False what types of arguments should you avoid? - Answer-weak, invalid and irrelevant (T/F) critical thinking should include biases or emotions - Answer-false what are the ultimate objectives of thinking critically? - Answer-to make wise decisions to come to correct conclusions (T/F) A belief can be expressed in a sen...

Thinking Definition - Answer any mental activity or processing of information, including learning, remembering, perceiving, communicating, believing, and deciding What is cognitive economy? - Answer The use of heuristics to reduce mental effort while still getting things right most of the time What are heuristics? - Answer Mental shortcuts, drawn from inferences, to increase thinking efficiency Can fast and frugal thinking be better than exhaustive analysis? - Answer Yes What is cogn...

The Halo Effect can be explained as - Answer-An effect in which an observer may tend to bend their judgment based on a specific characteristic. Which of the following would be a situation where the halo effect is irrelevant? - Answer-Waiting for an outcome that depends on an act of nature. Which of the following is not an example of the Halo effect? - Answer-Choosing a restaurant based on the reviews by food bloggers instead of choosing a place based on how beautiful its pictures look onlin...

AP Psychology Language & Cognition Terminology Cognition process whereby we acquire and use knowledge; key elements: reviewing the past, contemplating the future, thinking about possibility; thinking Language a flexible system of communication using sounds, rules, gestures, or symbols to convey information; is semantic (meaningful)-gives detailed information; displacement-allows communication over time; productive-create new words to communicate Visualizing basic building blocks of thought; di...

absolute threshold the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time accommodation (1) the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina. (2) adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information achievement motivation a desire for significant accomplishment; for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for rapidly attaining a high standard achievement tests tests designed to asse...

Availability heuristic - correct answer-tendency to judge the likelihood of events by availability in memory ; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common Which of the following causes more deaths in the United States? Stomach cancer Motor vehicle accidents (Stomach cancer is far more common cause of death Confirmation bias - correct answer-the tendency to seek information that supports our schemas , A tendency to search for information that confirms one...

iatrogenesis Greek for originating from a physician preventable adverse events those that occurred due to error or failure to apply an accepted strategy for prevention Ameliorable adverse event events that, while not preventable, could have been less harmful if care had been different adverse events due to negligence those that occurred due to care that falls below the standards expected of clinicians in the community near miss an unsafe situation that is indisti...

"Great Man" theory explained leadership by examining the traits and characteristics of individuals considered to be historically great leaders Acquired needs theory Individuals are driven or motivated by three types of needs: 1) Need for Achievement 2) Need for Affiliation 3) Need for Power Adjourning stage Occurs when a team has completed its task and the team is disbanded Adjustment heuristic Individuals make estimates or choices based on a certain starting point ...

Reasons to take PSYC 203 - Answer--core of psych curriculum -provides foundation for doing research -basis of understanding other psych content courses -critical thinking -essential for graduate studies admission -teaches scientific thinking knowledge of the world is derived from: - Answer--experiences and how we interpret them -reliance on authority -use of reason why empiricism is important: - Answer--authorities can be wrong -reasonable arguments in the absence of empirical evidence...