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AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
An economist estimated that the cost function of a single-product firm is: 
C(Q) = 90 + 35Q + 25Q^2 + 10Q^3. 
Based on this information, determine the following: 
a. The fixed cost of producing 10 units of output. 
b. The variable cost of producing 10 units of output. 
c. The total cost of producing 10 units of output. 
d. The average fixed cost of producing 10 units of output. 
e. The average variable cost of producing 10 units of output.
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 13 pages •
An economist estimated that the cost function of a single-product firm is: 
C(Q) = 90 + 35Q + 25Q^2 + 10Q^3. 
Based on this information, determine the following: 
a. The fixed cost of producing 10 units of output. 
b. The variable cost of producing 10 units of output. 
c. The total cost of producing 10 units of output. 
d. The average fixed cost of producing 10 units of output. 
e. The average variable cost of producing 10 units of output.
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
Economics: - the study of human behavior; trying to solve information and incentive 
problems 
Pillars of economic wisdom: - 1. We are self-interested 
2. We respond to incentives 
3. TANSTAAFL 
4. Sunk costs are sunk 
5. Choices are made at the margin 
6. Value is created by moving resources from low-value to high-value uses 
7. Value is subjective 
Economic value added = - Net operating profit after taxes - (capital * cost of capital) 
The two steps of problems solving are: - (1) Fig...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 6 pages •
Economics: - the study of human behavior; trying to solve information and incentive 
problems 
Pillars of economic wisdom: - 1. We are self-interested 
2. We respond to incentives 
3. TANSTAAFL 
4. Sunk costs are sunk 
5. Choices are made at the margin 
6. Value is created by moving resources from low-value to high-value uses 
7. Value is subjective 
Economic value added = - Net operating profit after taxes - (capital * cost of capital) 
The two steps of problems solving are: - (1) Fig...
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
opportunity cost - it represents what is given up when one option is selected over 
another 
marginal analysis - thinking about what happens if you do a little bit more or a little bit 
less of something 
marginal analysis - looking at the extra benefit or cost of doing one more thing 
incremental concepts - this is like marginal analysis but looks at big decisions - not just 
one small change, but how much total benefit or cost comes from changing somthing 
incremental concepts -
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 11 pages •
opportunity cost - it represents what is given up when one option is selected over 
another 
marginal analysis - thinking about what happens if you do a little bit more or a little bit 
less of something 
marginal analysis - looking at the extra benefit or cost of doing one more thing 
incremental concepts - this is like marginal analysis but looks at big decisions - not just 
one small change, but how much total benefit or cost comes from changing somthing 
incremental concepts -
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
Identification problem - The difficulty of deriving the demand curve for a commodity 
from observed price-quantity points that result from the intersection of different and 
unobserved demand and supply curves for the commodity. 
Consumer surveys - The questioning of a sample of consumers about how they would 
respond to particular changes in the price and other determinants of the demand for the 
commodity. 
Observational research - The gathering of information on consumer preferences by ...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 20 pages •
Identification problem - The difficulty of deriving the demand curve for a commodity 
from observed price-quantity points that result from the intersection of different and 
unobserved demand and supply curves for the commodity. 
Consumer surveys - The questioning of a sample of consumers about how they would 
respond to particular changes in the price and other determinants of the demand for the 
commodity. 
Observational research - The gathering of information on consumer preferences by ...
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
People tend to eat more at all you can eat buffets than they would at any other restaurants. 
This is so because the cost of consuming an additional item at an all you can eat buffet is: 
a. negative 
b. zero 
c. positive 
d. none of the above - b. zero 
Total costs increase from $1,500 to $1,800 when a firm increases output from 40 to 50 units.. 
Which of the following are true? 
a. AC fall by $1.50 
b. AC rise by $1.00 
c. AC rise by $1.50 
d. AC fall by $1.00 - A. AC fall by $1.50
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 33 pages •
People tend to eat more at all you can eat buffets than they would at any other restaurants. 
This is so because the cost of consuming an additional item at an all you can eat buffet is: 
a. negative 
b. zero 
c. positive 
d. none of the above - b. zero 
Total costs increase from $1,500 to $1,800 when a firm increases output from 40 to 50 units.. 
Which of the following are true? 
a. AC fall by $1.50 
b. AC rise by $1.00 
c. AC rise by $1.50 
d. AC fall by $1.00 - A. AC fall by $1.50
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
Economics - It is a social science concerned with the factors that determine the 
production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services 
Political economy - ________________ was the earlier name for this subject, but 
economists in the late 19th century suggested "economics" as a shorter term for "economic 
science" to establish itself as a separate discipline outside of political science and other social 
sciences. 
Manager - A __________ is a person who directs reso...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 7 pages •
Economics - It is a social science concerned with the factors that determine the 
production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services 
Political economy - ________________ was the earlier name for this subject, but 
economists in the late 19th century suggested "economics" as a shorter term for "economic 
science" to establish itself as a separate discipline outside of political science and other social 
sciences. 
Manager - A __________ is a person who directs reso...
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
One Lesson of business 
A is tracing the consequences of a policy 
B promoting a policy 
C moving assets from lower to higher value uses, therby creating wealth 
D none of the above - Moving assets from lower to higher value uses, thereby creating 
wealth. 
An individual's value for a good or service is the 
A the amount of money he or she used to pay for a good 
B the amount of money he or she is willing to pay for it 
C the amount of money he or she has to spend on Goods 
D...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 20 pages •
One Lesson of business 
A is tracing the consequences of a policy 
B promoting a policy 
C moving assets from lower to higher value uses, therby creating wealth 
D none of the above - Moving assets from lower to higher value uses, thereby creating 
wealth. 
An individual's value for a good or service is the 
A the amount of money he or she used to pay for a good 
B the amount of money he or she is willing to pay for it 
C the amount of money he or she has to spend on Goods 
D...
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
What types of market power are there? - Monopoly, imperfect competition (duopoly, 
oligopoly, monopolistic competition), effective competition, perfect competition 
1) What is monopolistic competition? 
2) What type of market power is it? 
3) Why is it temporary? - 1) when there is a high level of product differentiation 
2) niche market power 
3) if there are low barriers to entry, a rival can produce a close product 
What is the formula for total cost? - TC(Q) = VC(Q) + FC 
What is t...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 30 pages •
What types of market power are there? - Monopoly, imperfect competition (duopoly, 
oligopoly, monopolistic competition), effective competition, perfect competition 
1) What is monopolistic competition? 
2) What type of market power is it? 
3) Why is it temporary? - 1) when there is a high level of product differentiation 
2) niche market power 
3) if there are low barriers to entry, a rival can produce a close product 
What is the formula for total cost? - TC(Q) = VC(Q) + FC 
What is t...
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
What types of market power are there? - Monopoly, imperfect competition (duopoly, 
oligopoly, monopolistic competition), effective competition, perfect competition 
1) What is monopolistic competition? 
2) What type of market power is it? 
3) Why is it temporary? - 1) when there is a high level of product differentiation 
2) niche market power 
3) if there are low barriers to entry, a rival can produce a close product 
What is the formula for total cost? - TC(Q) = VC(Q) + FC 
What is t...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 30 pages •
What types of market power are there? - Monopoly, imperfect competition (duopoly, 
oligopoly, monopolistic competition), effective competition, perfect competition 
1) What is monopolistic competition? 
2) What type of market power is it? 
3) Why is it temporary? - 1) when there is a high level of product differentiation 
2) niche market power 
3) if there are low barriers to entry, a rival can produce a close product 
What is the formula for total cost? - TC(Q) = VC(Q) + FC 
What is t...
AQA-Z MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (GRADED A+) DETAILED ANSWERS!!
If the Government institutes a specific tax for a good that has a perfectly inelastic demand 
curve - the producer simply passes the entire tax on the consumer 
Economist tend to judge a model based on - the accuracy of its predictions 
If the price of automobiles were to decrease substantially, the demand curve for public 
transportation would most likely - shift leftward 
Suppose the demand curve for a good shifts rightward, causing the equilibrium price to 
increase - an increase in qua...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 3 pages •
If the Government institutes a specific tax for a good that has a perfectly inelastic demand 
curve - the producer simply passes the entire tax on the consumer 
Economist tend to judge a model based on - the accuracy of its predictions 
If the price of automobiles were to decrease substantially, the demand curve for public 
transportation would most likely - shift leftward 
Suppose the demand curve for a good shifts rightward, causing the equilibrium price to 
increase - an increase in qua...
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