Ariikelsey

SUMMARY. The key aetiological issue of the early British public health movement is often seen to be the controversy between contagionism and anticontagionism. More fundamental, however, was a legacy from older constitutional conceptions of disease, of a distinction between exciting and predisposing causes. The centrality of predisposition was a theme in a wide range of medical writings; often predisposing causes were seen as sufficient causes for outbreaks of disease. Physicians who focused...

The Public Health Association of Australia recognises that: 1. Gambling continues to be largely understood as an individual pathology and for a significant number of people, consumption of gambling products affects health and well-being. 2. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies currently operate most commonly at the level of individuals.i 3. Harms associated with consumption of gambling products are well documentedii . 4. The lack of appropriate regulation of the ...

Abstract Background: The goal of the Aging, Community and Health Research Unit (ACHRU) is to promote optimal aging at home for older adults with multimorbidity (2 chronic conditions) and to support their family/friend caregivers. This protocol paper reports the rationale and plan for this patient-oriented, cross-jurisdictional research program. Objectives: The objectives of the ACHRU research program are (i) to codesign integrated and person-centered interventions with older adults, family...

1. Introduction Monitoring and addressing environmental health concerns are important aspects of environmental public health practice [1]. Environmental health concerns can be informed through developing environmental health indicators [2] and surveillance systems [3,4]. State of the Environment (SOE) reporting is an internationally accepted approach designed to monitor environmental conditions and changes over time [5,6]. This approach gained popularity in the 1970s, with the Organiza...

PROMISE Early Impacts A.2 Online Appendix Table A.1a. Arkansas PROMISE sample baseline characteristics(percentage, unless otherwise noted) All Treatment Control Difference p-value Demographic characteristics Youth sex is female 33.9 33.6 34.2 -0.7 0.78 Youth age at RA 14 years 39.4 38.4 40.4 -2.0 0.42 15 years 27.4 26.7 28.0 -1.3 0.57 16 years 33.2 34.9 31.5 3.4 0.17 Average age 15.4 15.4 15.3 0.1 0.23 Youth language preference at SSI application English is preferred w...

1. Introduction Adolescent eating behaviour is a function of individual and environmental influences [1]. Individual influences are psychological as well as biological, whereas, environmental influences include immediate social environments such as family, friend, and peer networks and other factors such as school meals and fast food outlets. In addition, another important factor is social system or macrosystem which includes mass media, marketing and advertising, social and cultural nor...

evaluations. Presentations will be hold by presidents and vicepresidents of the EUPHA Sections in the form of a panel, presenting the overview of each methodology and providing case examples. All organizers might invite special contributions from their members and students to share innovations of case examples from their counties. During the first half of the workshop the EUPHA Sections will provide input on traditional and innovative methods the following topics: 1. Health Policy and Sy...

The MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow is an interdisciplinary group of sociologists, anthropologists, psychologists, epidemiologists, geographers, political scientists, public health physicians, statisticians, information scientists, trial managers and others. The Unit receives core-funding from the Medical Research Council and the Chief Scientist Office in the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, as well as grant funding for spec...

Healthful behaviours such as maintaining a balanced diet, being physically active and refraining from smoking have major impacts on the risk of developing cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and other serious conditions. The burden of the so-called 'lifestyle diseases'-in personal suffering, premature mortality and public health costs-is considerable. Consequently, interventions designed to promote healthy behaviours are increasingly being studied, e.g., using psychobiological ...

Occupational safety is a prominent issue in the management of organizations; indeed managers in 118 countries contend that occupational safety is the number one social issue that needs to be addressed (Kiron, Kruschwitz, Rubel, Reeves, & Fuisz-Kehrbach, 2013). Although occupational safety is a costly and pervasive problem in many organizations (Zohar, 2010), the prevalence of occupational safety failures in hospitals is particularly striking. Nurses, for instance, are 30 times more likel...

420 MINNESOTA LAW REVIEW [98:419 tests for a variety of conditions that can be effectively treated through early detection.6 Beleno sued TDSHS when she learned the state was storing newborn blood samples (NBS)7 “indefinitely” for research unrelated to the initial screening.8 Beleno did not object to the initial screening.9 What she found problematic was the potentially “indefinite” retention of her son’s genetic material and the unknown and undisclosed uses of the NBS.10 T...

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Leprosy still represents a serious public health problem in Brazil and the delay in detection can be attributed to the lack of diagnostic capacity and the absence of rapid tests. With this, Brazil became the first country to incorporate the rapid immunochromatographic test into the Unified Health System (SUS) for the early detection of leprosy – technology that plays a crucial role in promoting health, reducing the burden of the disease in the commun...

Mental illness is prevalent among the homeless population and the rate of mentally ill homeless individuals has increased since deinstitutionalization. There is little information about homeless population mental health and access to mental healthcare. This study sought to describe the mental health status and utilization of mental healthcare services among homeless individuals in Mississippi. This is a cross-sectional study with 3,375 adults participants. There were 58% males, 42% femal...

A PUBLIC HEALTH GENERALIST OBSERVES 3 Executive Summary It was my entrepreneurial spirit that ironically drove my postsecondary academic career. A decade of barbering funded the cash tuition payments from 1994 to 1997 when I was a Humanities and Social Sciences major at Auburn University of Montgomery. I conferred a Bachelor of Liberal Arts in 1997. It proved to be a totally different path than my original 1988 study plan as a Business Administration major at Tuskegee University. I conti...

Public health systems in rural areas differ from those in urban areas in terms of scope of services and functions, in part due to differences in the level of resources available and in part based on geographic isolation and the corresponding size of the population served. How these distinctly rural features affect state-level public health governance, state support for local health departments (LHDs), and local health department functions, is not well understood. Many ‘...

This paper contributes to Chapter 2 of WDR 2000/1 – specifically the part of the chapter which will argue that successful poverty reduction is related to public investment in basic health and education. Health and education capabilities of the poor are likely related to three aspects of public expenditure: 1/ the aggregate level of public expenditures devoted to social sectors, 2/ the distribution of that level of social expenditure across socioeconomic groups, and 3/ the efficiency of th...

tion Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US (1). People with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of CVD compared with the general population (2). The incidence of type 1 diabetes worldwide is increasing (3), and prevention of CVD in this high risk population is a clinical and public health priority (4). With the growing recognition of a need to focus on the primordial prevention of CVD, the American Heart Association (AHA) published a defin...

Changing the Channel: Public Health Communication in the 21st Century Effective communication is a central concern for all organizations, and those serving public health missions are no exception. What information should be provided to which stakeholders through what channels? How can public health practitioners ensure that important news and data reach audiences who are affected by and/or can take action based on the information? Faced with limited fiscal, personnel, and temporal reso...

1. Introduction The HIV/AIDS pandemic poses an unprecedented threat to global health and human development. An estimated 34–46 million people are currently living with HIV/AIDS. More than 20 million people have died from AIDS during the last 20 years, of which an estimated 3 million deaths occurred in 2003 alone. AIDS is now the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa and the fourth-leading cause of death globally. The pandemic has cut life expectancy significantly in many countrie...

INTRODUCTION At the time of writing this article, there are 1,464,852 confirmed cases, with 85,397 deaths in nearly 199 countries [1]. In the U.S., 417,206 infection cases with 14,183 deaths were reported in 54 states [2]. China used extraordinary measures to contain the outbreak at extreme cost to its economy. Many nations used similar approach in an attempt to contain local outbreaks. The Wall Street firm lowered its first-quarter gross domestic product forecast to -3.4% from -2....