COCO SOLUTIONS ACADEMIC STORE

Principles of Behavior - Answer Reinforcement & Punishment Conceptual - Answer Requires that interventions used must be based on the principles of behavior and have empirical evidence supporting efficacy. Effective - Answer Requires that improvement of behavior be socially significant and based on a visual analysis of data. Methodological Behavior - Answer Refers to a philosophical position in which behavioral events that cannot be observed are not behaviors. Behavior - A...

Applied - Answer Requires that scientists and practitioners selecting behaviors for change that are socially significant. Behavior - Answer Requires that variables under study be observable and measurable Analytic - Answer Requires that experimenters have used single subject research designs to demonstrate a functional relation, or a believable demonstration of the efficacy of an intervention Technical/Technological - Answer Requires the thorough and accurate description of ...

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) - Answer "The process of applying sometimes tentative principles of behavior to the improvement of specific behaviors, and simultaneously evaluating whether or not any changes noted are indeed attributable to the process of application" (Baer, Wolf, & Risley, 7 key components of ABA - Answer "GET-A-CAB" Generativity, Effective, Technological Applied Conceptual, Analytic, Behavioral Generativity - Answer The behavior continues afte...

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Types of horizontal gene transfer - Answer **passing of genetic material from one organism to another of the same generation 1. transformation 2. conjugation 3. transduction Define transformation - Answer Exogenous DNA fragments are taken up by recipient cells - no direct contact required - apoptosis, unhappy cells release DNA fragments - donor ssDNA combines with host chromosome (replaces recipient DNA sequence) - recipient cell must be competent - homologous recombinatio...

T/F: antibiotics induce mutations in bacteria - Answer false; they force them (e.g. antibiotics are not going in and actively mutating the DNA, rather, the bacteria are forced to mutate themselves in order to survive in the antibiotic environment) what is meant by transitional organisms - Answer these organisms (e.g. protozoa) may not have some of the eukaryotic organelles ___ are non-eukaryotic microbes that do not have ppg - Answer mycobacterium and archaebacterium ___ is me...

How many ATPs are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis per 1 molecule of glucose? - Answer 4 Oxidative phosphorylation (i.e. ADP ATP) happens when NADH or FADH2 donates electrons to the ETC. - Answer True How many ATPs are generated by oxidative phosphorylation during glycolysis? - Answer 6 Facultative anaerobes live... -best in the presence of oxygen but can live without oxygen -best without oxygen but can live with oxygen -equally well with or withou...

Lipopolysaccharide - Answer It is part of the Gram-negative cell wall Bacteria resist antibiotics by - Answer Preventing drug entrance into the cell by expressing efflux pumps or a waxy cell wall, producing enzymes that inactivate the drug, modifying the drug so it can't bind to its cellular target, using an alternative metabolic pathway to the one targeted by the drug What Eukarya, Archae, and Bacteria all have in common - Answer double stranded DNA, 70s ribosomes Perforin ...

Example of commensal relationship - Answer skin flora Example of mutualistic relationship - Answer termites, protozoa in gut digest wood, termite provides shelter Example of parasitism - Answer photosynthetic sea slugs ingest algae and take their chloroplast Colonization vs. infection - Answer normal flora colonize host, infection occurs when microbe causes disease 3 ways normal flora provide protection - Answer compete for attachment with pathogenic bacteria, produce ...

What is required by viruses? - Answer they must be inside a cell to replicate and are called obligate intracellular parasites What are 75% of the 80 new diseases discovered between 1980 and 2007? - Answer RNA viruses What does it mean to be alive? - Answer It means to have a metabolism, to use or produce energy, and to replicate From the meaning behind "being alive", what all do viruses do? - Answer they replicate, however they do not have a metabolism and they do not ...

Compare/Contrast Prokaryotic to Eukaryotic Cells - Answer Prokaryotes -no nucleus -no membrane bound organelles -(bacteria, archea, -contain plasmids Eukaryotes -nucleus -membrane bound organelles (golgi, ribosomes, ER, -also contain plasmids -(fungi, protozoa, algea,) 2. List 4 types of cellular microbes and give a common example of each of these types of microbes. - Answer 1. Fungi- yeast 2. Algea- Red algae 3. Bacteria- E. Coli 4.Protozoa- Giardia Lambdia 3. List 2 ...

A student went on Spring Break where he developed a chlamydia infection (experiencing symptoms including penile discharge) after having unprotected sex. Six months later, he traveled to Las Vegas and developed the same infection. If antibody analysis were performed from urethral samples, the following results would be expected. The green curve represents which antibody isotype? The yellow curve represents which antibody isotype? - Answer The green curve represents the primary response with th...

Microbe - Answer Acellular or cellular objects that cannot typically be visualized with the naked eye Virus - Answer Acellular microbe made of proteins and DNA or RNA, uses certain types of host cells to reproduce and develop infectious characteristics Prion - Answer Acellular microbe made of a misfolded protein, can become infectious depending on the misfolding causing other proteins to misfold and become infectious prions as well Bacteria - Answer Unicellular microbes cons...

Which part of the body is likely to have microbial normal flora? - Answer genital tract, lungs (although very little to none), stomach, mouth - each one of these has some form of contact with the outside world/environment. Therefore, there should be some normal flora. Bonnie Bassler and her research group study________________. - Answer Quorum Sensing - she and her research group study quorum sensing. Ensure you know what this is and how she and her group discovered it. quorum sensin...

who provides the lipids in a viral envelope - Answer the cell all viruses have a protein coat - Answer true a virulent phage can inadvertently package host cell chromosome into phage particles - Answer true you have a bacterium that picks up a new gene by Hfr conjugation. what is an explanation of why progeny of this bacterium express this trait? - Answer the gene is integrated into the genome after successful transformation of a fragment of chromosomal DNA, the recipient...

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Immunology is the study of - Answer physiological mechanisms that are used to defend the body from invasion by foreign or infectious agents In response to diseases caused by infectious agents, the body develops cells dedicated to defense, these form... - Answer the immune system protective/adaptive immunity takes time to develop while ________________________ can _________ _______- and cause disease - Answer microorganisms can rapidly multiply Immunity involves two responses: -...

Macrophages fight extracellular pathogens True or false - Answer true NK cells fight intracellular pathogens. True or false. - Answer true What is C3b a ligand for? - Answer CR1 What is iC3b a ligand for? - Answer CR3 and CR4 can CR3 and CR4 recognize a gram negative bacteria without being deposited? - Answer Yes what do CR3 and CR4 recognize? - Answer iC3b and LPS what are the three phagocytic receptors? - Answer scavenger, mannose, and glycan What doe...

pathogens(5) - Answer virus, bacteria, parasite and fungi True - Answer T or F First infection is the most dangerous one E.coli - Answer harmless microbe, replicates in 20 minutes protective immunity - Answer people who survive a specific infection and are granted immunity pathogen - Answer anything with potential to causes disease mycobacterium tuberculosis (causes?) - Answer gram negative bacterial infection causes tuberculosis HIV(causes?) - Answer ...

What is our antibody in this lab? - Answer Anti-human globulin What is affinity? - Answer Strength of bond between a single antigen and antibody Is affinity IgG or IgM? - Answer IgG What is avidity? - Answer Strength of the binding of several antigens and antibodies Is avidity IgG or IgM? - Answer IgM What are the variables in this lab? - Answer - Immunoglobulin class - Affinity - Cell to cell interactions Is agglutination visible with two IgG molecules?...