- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Criminology - Answer The systematic study of crime, criminal behavior, and society's responses to crime, primarily concerned with explaining the cause(s) of crime. It is a multidisciplinary field. Crime (Social Construct) - Answer The meaning of 'crime' is highly contested and culturally determined, depending on time, place, and social values. Crime is deviant behavior formally defined and sanctioned by law. Criminalization - Answer A social process where behaviors ...

-

9 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

What is crime determined by? - Answer time, place, and social values Laws that have changed because of a change in societal values - Answer prohibition of marijauna and gay marriage Code of Hammurabi - Answer (1754 BCE) Eye for an eye Society used to be more patriarchally structured: slavery was legal Justice, rooted in strict hierarchy and order Enlightenment shift - Answer Move away from religious dogma toward a rational, secular, and scientific understanding of...

-

11 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

As one component of the War on Drugs, the U.S. government seeks to disrupt the manufacturing and distribution supply chains of drugs. This is known as ______. - Answer supply reduction Since drug use is socially constructed, there are no real health consequences for drug abuse. - Answer false Due to its physiological and psychological effects, drug dependence is not considered a social problem, but rather an individual problem. - Answer false Compared to employees that do...

-

10 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

Strain Theory - Answer When society puts pressure on individuals to reach goals Social Learning - Answer We learn the norms, values, and motivations engage in crime and deviance. Social Disorganization Theory - Answer undermines or hinders informal social controls within the community and neighborhood, thus allowing high rates of crime to occur Differential Association Theory - Answer Crime is learned from normal processes (law-abiding and law breaking) Differenti...

-

8 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE - Answer healthcare aims to avoid onset of disease by taking preventive measures, often including lifestyle changes MEDICINE - Answer social construct TYPES OF ILNESSES - Answer acute disease, chronic disease ACCUTE DISEASES - Answer sudden onset, may be brief incapacitating and are either curable or fatal; can be contagious - HIV CHRONIC DISEASES - Answer developed over long period of time, may not be detected until symptoms occur later i...

-

3 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

gender - Answer social meaning layered on top of our sex categories ex: pink as feminine, blue as masculine petite as masculine, burley as feminine consciousness raising - Answer focuses on the connection between personal experience and larger structural forces (just like the sociological imagination). In this way, "the personal is the political," as they say. first women's march - Answer January 21, 2017 which brought out millions of women and men to rallies acro...

-

12 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

What are folkways and Mores? - Answer Folkways represent the customs and norms that structure daily life Mores extend to informal codes related to right or wrong or ethical or unethical actions (may extend to crime) Hagan's theory of deviance - Answer Considers whether behaviors are labeled as deviant or if they are criminalized Degree of social harms, severity of social response, and agreement of social norms Sociological Jurisprudence - Answer The study of law and le...

-

4 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

sociologist consider gender to be another way of referring to sex categories T/F - Answer false according to research, far more women than men desire egalitarian relationships in which both partners contribute financially and as caretaker’s T/F - Answer false Research confirms that men are naturally better than women at math and science and that differences in STEM scores and degrees earned can be explained by this sexual dimorphism. T/F - Answer False Women now make up...

-

7 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

Criminology - Answer The causes of crime How society views criminals How we respond to crime 3 ways to explain crime - Answer Theoretical Methodological Also choosing how they study crime Mala in se - Answer offenses that are wrong by their very nature mala prohibita - Answer offenses prohibited by law but not wrong in themselves Four typologies of crime and deviance in Hagans Model - Answer Consensus crimes Conflict crimes Social deviations Social div...

-

4 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

Pre-Modern/Pre-Classical Approach to Criminology - Answer -Evil spirits were controlling those who committed crimes -People were seen as "Fundamentally Good" -During a time when fewer laws existed with limited structure -Ended with "The Enlightenment which saw reason emphasized Classical Theory Approach to Criminology - Answer -Humans have free will and rationality -Committing crimes is weighed between the benefits against the potential punishment -Primary purpose of p...

-

8 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

Mala Se and Mala Prohibita Crime - Answer - Mala se - act is inherently immoral - Mala prohibita - wrong because specific statute forbids them Hagan's Typology of Deviance - Answer - Considers behaviors as either deviant or criminalized - Hagan considers degree of social harm, severity of social response, and agreement about the norm Norms - Answer - Norms are expressions of our values in practice - Informal codes, we do not have any formal rules or guidelines towards ...

-

16 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

1. What is Mechanical Solidarity? - Answer - Linked to the pre-modern era, where there was a greater degree of consensus surrounding social norms and values - People lived in smaller towns and villages - Populations were more homogenous - Individual freedoms were sacrificed for the common good. 1. What is Organic Solidarity? - Answer - Emerges in modern societies characterized by greater complexity and diversity - Modern societies are characterized by interdependence - Greater ...

-

15 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9

As a discipline, criminology is focused on understanding: - Answer • The causes of crime. • How society views criminals. • How we respond to crime. Criminology can be seen as both - Answer a multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary field. Criminologists come from a variety of fields: (multidisciplinary). - Answer • Sociology • History • Geography • Economics • Law • Political Science • Medicine • Anthropology Criminology can inclu...

-

18 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

TestSolver9