- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What are the four radiographic appearances of emphysema? - Answers-Over inflation of lungs, flattened diaphragm, barrel chest, increased retrosternal air space What are the characteristics of asthma? - Answers-Narrowing of airway, excessive secretion of mucus, wheezing as air passes through airways What is the Radiographic Appearance of acute asthma? - Answers-Increased volume, flat diaphragm, increased retrosternal space What is the radiographic appearance of chronic asthma? - Answers-...

Characteristics of Oat Cell Cancer Cells - Answers-Small Cytoplasm, Multiple Nuclei, Multiple and large Nucleoli, Course Chromatin Risk Factors of Lung Cancer - Answers-Tobacco Use (90%), Occupational & Environmental Exposures, Genetic Predisposition,Gender, Dietary Factors, COPD, Air polllution Cell types of Non-Small Cell Carcinoma - Answers-Adenocarcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Large Cell Carcinoma Pancoast's Tumor AKA - Answers-Superior Sulcus Tumor AKA Characteristics of Squ...

what is the mechanism of alveolar destruction in emphysema ? -Answers- Irritants, like cigarette smoke, activate neutrophils/macrophages release cytokines, as well as proteases, like elastases and collagenases. These proteases break down key structural proteins in the connective tissue such as collagen and elastin This makes the airway walls weak and causes them to collapse during exhalation This leads to air-trapping because the collapsed airway traps a tiny bit of air distal to the point of...

Asthma Causes - Answers-Exact causes unknown but have been suggested to include interactions between genetic and environmental factors Asthma Symptoms - Answers-Chest tightness or pain, trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breathe coughing or wheezing, a whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling (wheezing is a common sign of asthma in children), coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus such as a cold or flu Asthma Treatments - Answers-Steroids or other anti-...

What types of Bronchogenic Carcinoma are there? - Answers-Non-small cell (accounting for 80% of lung cancers) like Squamous Carcinoma (most common; typically in major central bronchi), Adenocarcinoma (usually arising in periphery of lung), and Bronchiolar Carcinoma (aka:alveolar; least common). Small Cell - Oat cell carcinoma How does bronchogenic Carcinoma show radiographically? - Answers-Produces a broad spectrum of radiographic abnormalities that depend on the site of the tumor and its rel...