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NUR 615 PHARMACOLOGY MODULE 1 EXAM – COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 1. A patient is started on a new drug that is a weak base (pKa 8.5). Where will this drug be most highly ionized and therefore poorly absorbed? Correct Answer: A) Stomach (pH 1.5) Rationale: Weak bases are ionized (and poorly absorbed) in acidic environments (low pH) and non-ionized (well absorbed) in alkaline environments. At pH 1.5, the drug is protonated and ionized. 2. Which phase I metabolic reaction is most commonly...

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14 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

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SECTION 1: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (1–35) 1. A 58-year-old with chronic alcoholism presents with confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely? • Correct Answer: B) Thiamine (B1) • Rationale: Wernicke encephalopathy (confusion, ataxia, ophthalmoplegia) is caused by thiamine deficiency, common in alcoholism. 2. In uncompensated metabolic alkalosis, which lab finding is expected? • Correct Answer: C) PaCO2 > 45 mmHg, pH > 7.45 • Ra...

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30 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

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SECTION 1: PHARMACOKINETICS & PHARMACODYNAMICS FUNDAMENTALS Concept Key Points Absorption Bioavailability: IV 100%, IM/SC variable, PO lowest due to first-pass effect Concept Key Points First-pass effect Hepatic metabolism of oral drugs before systemic circulation (e.g., propranolol, morphine) Distribution Vd = dose / plasma concentration. High Vd = lipophilic (digoxin 7 L/kg). Low Vd = protein-bound (warfarin) Protein binding Only free drug is active. Hypoalbuminemia increases fr...

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23 pages

Written in 2025/2026

Grade A+

StudyVaultPro1