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Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Exam 1 - Questions with Correct Answers
New1. A criticism of utilitarianism is that it may: 
A. Ignore consequences 
B. Justify harming individuals or minorities if overall benefit is greater 
C. Overemphasize individual rights 
D. Avoid decisions 
Correct Answer: B. Justify harming individuals or minorities if overall benefit is greater 
Rationale: Rights-based approaches counterbalance this concern. Justice limits harm to 
individuals. 
2. Nursing ethics differs from medical ethics in that it emphasizes: 
A. Only rare dilemmas 
B. The ...
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Exam 2 - Questions with Correct Answers
Popular1. Moral agency means: 
A. The capacity to make moral judgments and act on them, being accountable for one's actions 
B. Following orders without thought 
C. Lack of responsibility 
D. Legal representation 
Correct Answer: A. The capacity to make moral judgments and act on them, being 
accountable for one's actions 
Rationale: Nurses are moral agents. Organizational constraints can limit agency. 
2. The social contract between nursing and society means that: 
A. Nurses owe nothing to socie...
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NewEthics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: Exam 3 - Questions with Correct Answers
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Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: Final Exam (Comprehensive) - Questions with Correct Answers
3
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: Midterm Exam (Units 1-7) - Question
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Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards Exam BUNDLE (Midterm, Exam 1-3 & Final Exam)
NewEthics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: Exam 3 - Questions with Correct Answers
2
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: Final Exam (Comprehensive) - Questions with Correct Answers
3
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: Midterm Exam (Units 1-7) - Question
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Practice Test 2 (Units 8-13) - Questions with Correct Answers
New1. Shift report conducted at the bedside should protect privacy by: 
A. Announcing all details to roommates 
B. Discussing sensitive information discreetly and respecting patient preferences 
C. Avoiding the patient 
D. Using the hallway 
Correct Answer: B. Discussing sensitive information discreetly and respecting patient 
preferences 
Rationale: Privacy can be maintained with care. Patients may choose what is shared. 
2. Posting a photo of a unit celebration on social media requires checking t...
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Practice Test 1 (Units 1-7) - Questions with Correct Answers
New1. A nurse who refuses to lie to a patient because lying is always wrong is applying: 
A. Utilitarian reasoning 
B. Relativism 
C. Egoism 
D. Deontological reasoning 
Correct Answer: D. Deontological reasoning 
Rationale: Duties guide the action. Consequences are not the primary consideration. 
2. Everyday ethics in nursing includes: 
A. Only end-of-life decisions 
B. Only research 
C. Only court cases 
D. Respecting privacy, honesty in communication and fair allocation of time among patients 
C...
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Midterm Exam (Units 1-7) - Questions with Correct Answers
New1. The relationship between law and ethics is that: 
A. Laws set minimum standards of conduct, while ethics may require more than the law 
B. They are always identical 
C. Ethics is enforced by courts 
D. Laws never reflect ethics 
Correct Answer: A. Laws set minimum standards of conduct, while ethics may require more 
than the law 
Rationale: Something legal may still be unethical. Ethics often guides higher professional 
standards. 
2. An ethical environment in health care organizations is sup...
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Final Exam (Comprehensive) - Questions with Correct Answers
New1. The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses was most recently revised in: 
A. 1953 only 
B. 2015 
C. 2021 
D. 2025 
Correct Answer: C. 2021 
Rationale: The revision reflected lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. ICN first adopted a code 
in 1953. 
2. The ICN Code states that nurses share responsibility for: 
A. Hospital finances only 
B. Physician schedules 
C. Insurance coverage 
D. Sustaining safe, supportive working environments 
Correct Answer: D. Sustaining safe, supportive working environments 
Ra...
Exam (elaborations)
Ethics & Advocacy - 2026 Professional Nursing Standards: 
Exam 3 - Questions with Correct Answers
New1. An ethical dilemma exists when: 
A. There is a clear right answer 
B. A law is broken 
C. Two or more morally justifiable options conflict and choosing one means not fully honoring 
the other 
D. A mistake is made 
Correct Answer: C. Two or more morally justifiable options conflict and choosing one means 
not fully honoring the other 
Rationale: Dilemmas involve competing obligations. Frameworks help reason through them. 
2. Integrity as a professional value means: 
A. Changing values to fit ...