Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
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Latest content Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR 221 Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions With Verified Answers 
 
Why do patients with viral hepatitis present with Jaundice? 
The bilirubin in bile is not being metabolized properly. - The bilirubin is responsible for the yellow-tinged skin. 
Why would the provider order a low fat diet for a patient with hepatitis? 
Bile absorbs fat and if the bile isn't being produced properly, then it affects fat absorption. 
As a nurse you should be careful when giving meds that are metabolized by the liver...
- Exam (elaborations)
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
ECPI 2023 - NUR 221 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - SMITH - EXAM 1 Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025 
 
Nosocomial 
caused by an infection received in a healthcare environment 
Iatrogenic 
caused inadvertently by medical treatment 
Diagnosis 
A label for a disease, based on diagnostic criteria 
Prognosis 
Prediction of how one will proceed through the disease process, morbidity vs. mortality. 
Primary prevention 
Prevention of a disease from occurring 
Secondary prevention 
Early detection of disease ...
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- • 4 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR 231 Pathophysiology Exam#1 Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025 
 
Idiopathic infection 
Diseases that have no identifiable cause 
Iatrogenic infection 
Diseases that occur as a result of medical treatment 
Acute infection 
short term infection 
 
many times is more severe but with sudden onset and short duration 
Nosocomial infection 
infection obtained while in healthcare setting 
Communicable infection 
contagious 
Insidious disease 
disease with no symptoms until opportunity present...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 6 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified Answers 
 
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. 
Diagnosing is made by history, physical, and serological findings. Since some blood tests are more genetic, results can be imprecise. Markers can be elevated in the presence of other diseases. Criteria for diagnosis: evidence of an autoimmune reaction, immunological findings are not second to other conditions, and no other causes are found. 
Which type of immunity is chara...
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR231 Digestive System : Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified Answers 
 
Which of the gastrointestinal cancers has the highest rate of incidence and is responsible for the highest number of deaths?A. Oesophageal 
B. Stomach 
C. Pancreatic. D. Colonrectinal 
D. Colonrectal 
A 40 year old male who consumes a diet high in fat and low in fiber is at risk for ? A. Stomach cancer 
B. Cancer of the liver and biliary ducts 
C. Small Intestine cancer 
D. Colon and rectal cancer 
D. Colon and rec...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR231 Respiration Pathophysiology Week 4 Exam Questions With Verified Answers Graded A+ 
 
Asthma is thought to be caused by: 
 
A. an autosomal recessive trait. 
B. autoimmunity. 
C. excessive use of antibiotics as a young child. 
D. interactions between genetic and environmental factors. 
D 
In asthma, _____ is (are) reduced. 
 
A. lung volumes 
B. expiratory flow rates 
C. air trapping 
D. dead space 
B 
A 13-year-old female is diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following should she recogni...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 6 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology (NURS231) Final Exam Prep Complete Questions With Verified Answers 
 
Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete renin? 
1. Serum osmotic pressure increases. 
2. Serum potassium levels are high 
3. The urine pH decreases. 
4. Blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases. 
4. blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases 
At change-of-shift report, the nurse learns the medical diagnoses for four patients. Which patient should the nurse assess MOST carefully for de...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 56 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
Nurs- 231 Pathophysiology Module 4 Exam Complete Questions With Verified Answers 
 
What are the natural and drug therapy anticoagulants? 
Antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, warfarin, heparin, Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, Apixaban 
What is peripheral vascular resistance? 
The collective resistance of all the vessels in the prophetical circulation. 
Hemodynamics or blood flow is affected by what factors? 
Pressure, resistance, flow, radius, blood viscosity, compliance, wall tension 
What is card...
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR 221 Pathophysiology Exam 3 Complete Questions With Verified Answers 
All of the following are symptoms of BPH EXCEPT ? Select all that apply 
 
a - bruising 
b - dribbling 
c - urgency 
d - urinary frequency 
e - enlargement of testicles 
f - retention 
a, e, f 
 
 
Which of the following are diagnostic criteria of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)? select all that apply 
 
a - high concentrated urine 
b - low urine volume 
c - low sodium 
d - ABGs 
e - chest x-ray 
f - ...
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NURS 231 Pathophysiology Module 6Complete Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+ 
List the 2 major divisions of the nervous system 
CNS 
PNS 
 
 
List the structures found in CNS 
brain and spinal cord 
 
 
List the structures found in PNS 
spinal nerves, cranial nerves, and ganglia that are outside of the CNS. 
 
 
what are the 3 meninges 
dura mater 
arachnoid layer 
pia mater 
 
 
pia mater 
-innermost layer 
-thin and delicate 
-contains surface level blood vessels that perfuse the brain and ...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 8 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
Nurs- 231 Pathophysiology Module 4 Exam Complete Questions With Verified Answers 
What are the natural and drug therapy anticoagulants? 
Antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, warfarin, heparin, Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, Apixaban 
 
 
What is peripheral vascular resistance? 
The collective resistance of all the vessels in the prophetical circulation. 
 
 
Hemodynamics or blood flow is affected by what factors? 
Pressure, resistance, flow, radius, blood viscosity, compliance, wall tension 
 
 
Wh...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 3 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology (NURS231) Final Exam Prep Complete Questions With Verified Answers 
Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete renin? 
1. Serum osmotic pressure increases. 
2. Serum potassium levels are high 
3. The urine pH decreases. 
4. Blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases. 
4. blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases 
 
 
At change-of-shift report, the nurse learns the medical diagnoses for four patients. Which patient should the nurse assess MOST carefully for ...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 63 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. 
False 
 
 
Barrett esophagus 
is an example of dysplasia 
false 
 
 
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the number of cells 
True 
 
 
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy 
True 
 
 
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease 
sensitivity 
 
 
how likely the same result will occur i...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 24 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR231 Respiration Pathophysiology Week 4 Exam Questions With Verified Answers Graded A+ 
Asthma is thought to be caused by: 
 
A. an autosomal recessive trait. 
B. autoimmunity. 
C. excessive use of antibiotics as a young child. 
D. interactions between genetic and environmental factors. 
D 
 
 
In asthma, _____ is (are) reduced. 
 
A. lung volumes 
B. expiratory flow rates 
C. air trapping 
D. dead space 
B 
 
 
A 13-year-old female is diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following should she r...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR231 Digestive System : Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified Answers 
Which of the gastrointestinal cancers has the highest rate of incidence and is responsible for the highest number of deaths?A. Oesophageal 
B. Stomach 
C. Pancreatic. D. Colonrectinal 
D. Colonrectal 
 
 
A 40 year old male who consumes a diet high in fat and low in fiber is at risk for ? A. Stomach cancer 
B. Cancer of the liver and biliary ducts 
C. Small Intestine cancer 
D. Colon and rectal cancer 
D. Colon and r...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam 3 Questions With Verified Answers 
innate immunity 
Innate immunity, also called natural immunity, is the first line of defense. This type of defense is in place before an infection takes place and can function immediately. It is comprised of physical, chemical, cellular, and molecular defenses. 
 
 
How does the skin act as a physical barrier? 
The skin's design makes it a strong physical barrier. It has closely packed cells in multiple layers that are continuousl...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified Answers 
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. 
Diagnosing is made by history, physical, and serological findings. Since some blood tests are more genetic, results can be imprecise. Markers can be elevated in the presence of other diseases. Criteria for diagnosis: evidence of an autoimmune reaction, immunological findings are not second to other conditions, and no other causes are found. 
 
 
Which type of immunity is cha...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions With Verified Answers 
function of blood 
Transportation materials to and from cells 
Transports nutrients, carries O2, waste products, hormones to their target cells, regulates body temperature, protects against bacteria and viruses 
 
 
three stages of hemostasis 
Vascular constriction, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation 
 
 
What is vitamin K needed to synthesize? 
Factors II, VII, IX, and X, prothrombin, and protein C 
 
 
Discuss the intrins...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 9 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology NUR 231 Exam Questions With Verified Answers Graded A+ 
pathophysiology 
study of functional or physiologic change that result in a disruption of normal function 
 
 
physiology 
normal day to day function 
 
 
pathology 
the directly observable lab study of cell and tissue changes associated with disease, study of observable changes 
 
 
pathologist 
physician who looks for changes in cell and tissue 
 
 
health 
the state of an organism when it functions in homeostasis 
 
 
dis...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 15 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology
NUR 231 Pathophysiology Exam#1 Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025 
Idiopathic infection 
Diseases that have no identifiable cause 
 
 
Iatrogenic infection 
Diseases that occur as a result of medical treatment 
 
 
Acute infection 
short term infection 
 
many times is more severe but with sudden onset and short duration 
 
 
Nosocomial infection 
infection obtained while in healthcare setting 
 
 
Communicable infection 
contagious 
 
 
Insidious disease 
disease with no symptoms until o...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 7 pages's •
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Nurs 221 Pathophysiology•Nurs 221 Pathophysiology