Kaplan University

What is a trigger? Correct Answer: the parameter that starts the inspiratory phase of a positive pressure breath What is the control variable? Correct Answer: the primary variable the ventilator adjusts to achieve inspiration What is the limit variable? Correct Answer: Establishes maximum valvue that a variable con reach during inspiration What is the cycling variable? Correct Answer: Ends the breath What are the four types of cycling variables that are available with positive pr...

Which of the following is typically NOT part of a patient's social history? Correct Answer: B. childhood diseases Which of the following is typically part of a patient's social history? Correct Answer: A. tobacco use C. marital status D. education In observing the intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor of a patient receiving volume control A/C ventilation, you note that the ICP rises by about 3-5 mm Hg during each positive pressure breath. You can conclude that: Correct Answer: D. th...

maintain current therapy and continue to monitor Correct Answer: A 36 weeks gestation, 4 hour post delivery neonate has the following arterial blood gas results while on a 35% oxyhood PH: 7.34 Paco2: 47 mmhg HCO3: 25 mEq/L Pao2: 57 mmhg on the basis of these results, the respiratory therapist should recommend which of the following? SIMV: Rate 8/min, VT 400 ml, FIO2 0.30 Correct Answer: A respiratory therapist is asked to initiate mechanical ventilation on a 67 year old 55kg (121...

A 44 week old gestational age infant is delivered via C-section and is gasping, grunting and has tachycardia and tachypnea. At one minute his APgar score is 4 and at 5 minutes the score is at 5. The infant is most likely suffering from transient tachypnea of the newborn meconium aspiration bronchopulmonary dysplasia apnea of prematurity Correct Answer: meconium aspiration All of the following could cause a patient's right-hemidiaphragm to be elevated, Except... right lower lo...

Ensure that the manual resuscitator is connected to an oxygen source. Correct Answer: A RT is manually Ventilating a pt during a cardiopulmonary resuscitation attempt. An ABG is drawn and the results are as follows pH: 7.27 PaCO2: 38 mmHg HCO3: 17 mEQ/L PaO2: 44 mmHG Based on this info, the RT should do which of the following? - Ensure that the manual resuscitator is connected to an o2 source - perform endotracheal intubation - use both hands to compress the bag - increase the venti...

The patient's lung has an air leak Correct Answer: You are called to the emergency department to help care for a patient who was in a vehicle accident and has chest injuries including broken ribs. Crepitations are felt while palpitating the patient's neck. What is most likely the cause of this? Reversible airway obstruction Correct Answer: A forced expiratory measurement obtained after the administration of a bronchodilator shows an increase in FEV1 from 60% to 80% of predicted. This indi...

A patient with CHF has the following input/output history Yesterday Today IN 1900 mL 2100 mL OUT 1000 mL 1100 mL Which of the following clinical findings is most likely to be observed? A. bronchial wheezing B. friction rub C. decreased egophony D. moist crepitant rales Correct Answer: The correct answer is : D Explanation : This CHF patient is obviously retaining fluid because he is receiving more fluid in that he is putting out. The clinical finding most associated with ...

A 48 year-old female is admitted to the ED with diaphoresis, jugular venous distension, and 3+ pitting edema in the ankles. These findings are consistent with Correct Answer: heart failure A patient is admitted to the ED following a motor vehicle accident. On physical exam, the respiratory therapist discovers that breath sounds are absent in the left chest with a hyperresonant percussion note. The trachea is shifted to the right. The patient's heart rate is 45/min, respiratory rate is 30/mi...

While assessing a physician with a trans thoracic ultrasound exam, you observe an echo-free area above the patient's diaphragm. Which of the following is most consistent with this finding? A) pneumothorax B) pulmonary edema C) pleural effusion D) atelectasis Correct Answer: C) pleural effusion In a B-mode ultrasound exam, the presence of an echo-free or dark zone in a scanned dependent region (especially at or near the costophrenic angle) indicates a pleural effusion. If the e...

A patient receiving O2 via concentrator at 2L/min at home complains he can't feel O2 coming out the prongs of the cannula. Which of the following should the RT do first? a. Place the cannula under water and see if bubbling occurs b. Attach the cannula to a cylinder/flowmeter setup c. Increase the flow to 5L/min d. Replace the concentrator with a new one Correct Answer: a. Place the cannula under water and see if bubbling occurs The first step is to check to make sure there is flow pas...

A patient is receiving O2 from an E cylinder at 4 L/min through a nasal cannula. The cylinder pressure is 1900 psig. How long will the cylinder run until it is empty? A. 47 min B. 1.7 h C. 2.2 h D. 3.6 h Correct Answer: E cylinder = 0.28 1900x0.28/4 = 133/60 = 2.21 Answer: C. 2 hours, 21 minutes After the Respiratory Therapist sets up a nonrebreathing mask on a patient at a flow rate of 10 L/min, the reservoir bag collapses before the patient finishes inspiring. The RT should do ...

a. manual dexterity Correct Answer: The respiratory therapist should evaluate which of the following to develop a teaching plan for a patient who will be using a small volume nebulizer at home? a. manual dexterity b. highest grade level achieved in school c. spousal support d. English speaking proficiency d. bronchoscopy Correct Answer: Which of the following would be most beneficial in resolving microatelectasis? a. chest tubes b. percutaneous ventilation c. thoracentesis d. bronch...

A respiratory therapist enters a patient's room during oxygen rounds. The patient has end - stage emphysema and appears to be sleeping. The patient doesn't respond to questions and his pulse is 20 bpm. The therapist should immediately. A. Confirm DNR status B. Go get help C. Begin rescue ventilation D. Begin chest compressions Correct Answer: Confirm DNR status Which of the following clinical observations is most commonly associated with right heart failure? A Peripheral edema ...

You note in the chart of a patient's who is receiving volume control ventilation that the plateau pressure has been increasing over the last 6 hours, while the PEEP levels remains constant. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of this change? Select one: A. development of pulmonary edema B. water accumulation in the ventilator circuit C. partial obstruction of the endotracheal tube D. development of bronchospasm Correct Answer: An increase in the plateau pressure relati...

A patient on VC ventilation demonstrates auto-PEEP on ventilator graphics. Which of the following controls, when adjusted independently, would increase expiratory time? 1. Tidal volume 2. Respiratory Rate 3. Inspiratory flow 4. Sensitivity Correct Answer: *A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only Which of the following would be the most appropriate therapy for a dyspneic patient who has crepitus with tracheal deviation to the left and absen...

After a patient undergoes a thoracentesis, the respiratory therapist notes that the obtained pleural fluid is clear with a slight straw color. This fluid is most likely the result of A. empyema. B . congestive heart failure. C. lung carcinoma. D. hemothorax. - B. congestive heart failure. Which of the following would be most important to evaluate for a patient who is entering a smoking cessation program? A. Height B. Smoking history C. Weight D. Diet - B. Smoking history The respiratory therapis...

A 52 year-old post-operative cholecystectomy patient's breath sounds become more coarse upon completion of postural drainage with percussion. The respiratory therapist should recommend: A. Continuing the therapy until breath sounds improve. B. administering dornase alpha. C. administering albuterol therapy. D. deep breathing and coughing to clear secretions. Correct Answer: D. deep breathing and coughing to clear secretions. See Patient Assessment A healthy adult female can exhale ...

A 48 year-old female is admitted to the ED with diaphoresis, jugular venous distension, and 3+ pitting edema in the ankles. These findings are consistent with A. liver failure. B. pulmonary embolism. C. heart failure. D. electrolyte imbalances Correct Answer: Heart failure A patient is admitted to the ED following a motor vehicle accident. On physical exam, the respiratory therapist discovers that breath sounds are absent in the left chest with a hyperresonant percussion note. The tr...

What must you file before conducting human clinical trials with an experimental drug? Correct Answer: IND application (Form FDA 1571) During the clinical development phase of the IND process, what must sponsors do? Correct Answer: Maintain current IND application by amending IND with new Form FDA 1571 and providing FDA with: safety updates copies of new protocols FDA 1572 Annual Progress reports this document notifies FDA of relevant changes in investigators conducting clinical trial...

1571 ` Correct Answer: IND application; Permit to do research on humans for the first time; has background info; and rationale; updated annually 1572 Correct Answer: Investigator statement; commitment, done nationally and internationally by sponsors intending to hava marketing aproval for IP IB Correct Answer: Clinical and non-clinical data on the investigational product that is relevant to the study in human subjects; supplied prior to regulatory approval Study type - Open Label Cor...