PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY FINAL
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT
naturalA2compoundsA2(foundA2outsideA2theA2humanA2body)A2thatA2bindsA2toA2theA2muA2opi
oidA2receptorsA2areA2calledA2-A2Ans--opiates
theA2ancientA2GreekA2wordA2forA2sleepA2(sometimesA2translatedA2asA2lethargy,A2sluggishn
ess,A2orA2numbness)A2isA2theA2rootA2forA2thisA2modernA2wordA2-A2Ans--narcotic
whatA2partA2ofA2theA2opiumA2poppyA2producesA2theA2drugs?A2-A2Ans--sap
activationA2ofA2_____A2inA2theA2VTAA2leadA2toA2anA2increaseA2inA2DopamineA2inA2theA2Nuc
leusA2AccumbensA2-A2Ans--GABA
inA2general,A2opioidsA2causeA2anA2overallA2_____A2inA2theA2CNSA2leadingA2toA2decreased
A2pain,A2decreasedA2respirationA2andA2decreasedA2locomotionA2-A2Ans--depression
activationA2ofA2theA2____A2opioidA2receptorA2canA2leadA2toA2antagonizationA2ofA2theA2____
A2opioidA2receptorsA2-A2Ans--k;A2mu
basedA2onA2theA2chartA2providedA2inA2theA2PowerPoint,A2thisA2opioidA2isA2bestA2forA2treatin
gA2aA2coughA2____,A2becauseA2itA2hasA2highA2antitussiveA2andA2____A2physicalA2depende
nceA2-A2Ans--hydrocodone;A2low
theA2HolyA2TrinityA2isA2aA2combinationA2ofA2carisoprodol,A2anA2____,A2andA2aA2____A2-
A2Ans--opioid;A2benzodiazepine
allA2threeA2drugsA2inA2theA2TrinityA2workA2togetherA2toA2beA2greaterA2thanA2theA2sumA2ofA2t
heirA2parts,A2calledA2____,A2butA2theyA2alsoA2enhanceA2theA2____A2greaterA2asA2wellA2-
A2Ans--TheA2HolyA2TrinityA2(synergy);A2euphoriaA2(depression)
theA2pharmacophoreA2ofA2theA2opioidsA2isA2veryA2complex,A2asA2demonstratedA2withA2theA
2structureA2ofA2____,A2andA2ratherA2simple,A2asA2demonstratedA2byA2theA2structureA2ofA2_
___A2-A2Ans--heroin;A2fentanyl
bathA2saltsA2gotA2theirA2nameA2becauseA2-A2Ans--theyA2wereA2labeledA2asA2bathA2salts
bathA2saltsA2shouldA2technicallyA2beA2calledA2-A2Ans--substitutedA2cathinones
theA2definingA2featureA2ofA2MDMAA2andA2MethyloneA2isA2theA2additionA2ofA2aA2-A2Ans--
ketone
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT
naturalA2compoundsA2(foundA2outsideA2theA2humanA2body)A2thatA2bindsA2toA2theA2muA2opi
oidA2receptorsA2areA2calledA2-A2Ans--opiates
theA2ancientA2GreekA2wordA2forA2sleepA2(sometimesA2translatedA2asA2lethargy,A2sluggishn
ess,A2orA2numbness)A2isA2theA2rootA2forA2thisA2modernA2wordA2-A2Ans--narcotic
whatA2partA2ofA2theA2opiumA2poppyA2producesA2theA2drugs?A2-A2Ans--sap
activationA2ofA2_____A2inA2theA2VTAA2leadA2toA2anA2increaseA2inA2DopamineA2inA2theA2Nuc
leusA2AccumbensA2-A2Ans--GABA
inA2general,A2opioidsA2causeA2anA2overallA2_____A2inA2theA2CNSA2leadingA2toA2decreased
A2pain,A2decreasedA2respirationA2andA2decreasedA2locomotionA2-A2Ans--depression
activationA2ofA2theA2____A2opioidA2receptorA2canA2leadA2toA2antagonizationA2ofA2theA2____
A2opioidA2receptorsA2-A2Ans--k;A2mu
basedA2onA2theA2chartA2providedA2inA2theA2PowerPoint,A2thisA2opioidA2isA2bestA2forA2treatin
gA2aA2coughA2____,A2becauseA2itA2hasA2highA2antitussiveA2andA2____A2physicalA2depende
nceA2-A2Ans--hydrocodone;A2low
theA2HolyA2TrinityA2isA2aA2combinationA2ofA2carisoprodol,A2anA2____,A2andA2aA2____A2-
A2Ans--opioid;A2benzodiazepine
allA2threeA2drugsA2inA2theA2TrinityA2workA2togetherA2toA2beA2greaterA2thanA2theA2sumA2ofA2t
heirA2parts,A2calledA2____,A2butA2theyA2alsoA2enhanceA2theA2____A2greaterA2asA2wellA2-
A2Ans--TheA2HolyA2TrinityA2(synergy);A2euphoriaA2(depression)
theA2pharmacophoreA2ofA2theA2opioidsA2isA2veryA2complex,A2asA2demonstratedA2withA2theA
2structureA2ofA2____,A2andA2ratherA2simple,A2asA2demonstratedA2byA2theA2structureA2ofA2_
___A2-A2Ans--heroin;A2fentanyl
bathA2saltsA2gotA2theirA2nameA2becauseA2-A2Ans--theyA2wereA2labeledA2asA2bathA2salts
bathA2saltsA2shouldA2technicallyA2beA2calledA2-A2Ans--substitutedA2cathinones
theA2definingA2featureA2ofA2MDMAA2andA2MethyloneA2isA2theA2additionA2ofA2aA2-A2Ans--
ketone