Advanced Health Assessment Exam
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Acne vulgaris - Answer✅✅Most common cutaneous disorder in the U.S.,
affecting >85% of adolescents.
Pathophysiology of Acne vulgaris - Answer✅✅Disorder of the pilosebaceous unit
involving follicular keratinocyte proliferation, increased sebum production
(androgen-stimulated), Propionibacterium acnes growth (anaerobic diphtheroid
normally found on the skin), and inflammatory response with neutrophil activation.
Mild Acne lesions - Answer✅✅Considered the primary lesion: Open and closed
comedones, occasional papules.
Moderate Acne lesions - Answer✅✅Inflammatory: Comedones, papules, pustules.
Severe Acne lesions - Answer✅✅Nodulocystic acne with pitting and scarring;
considered the secondary lesion.
Common sites for Acne - Answer✅✅Face, neck, chest, upper back, upper arms.
Contributing factors to Acne - Answer✅✅Cosmetics, humidity, sweating, stress.
, Alopecia areata - Answer✅✅Focal hair loss with sudden onset of clearly
demarcated, usually localized, round or oval patches of hair loss leaving smooth skin
without hairs, in children and young adults.
Etiology of Alopecia areata - Answer✅✅Autoimmune reaction targeting hair
follicles.
Differentials for Alopecia areata - Answer✅✅Tinea capitis—scaling patches, 'black
dots'; Telogen effluvium—diffuse shedding.
Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅Benign vascular lesions—small, round, bright red or
purple papules.
Etiology of Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅Common with aging, related to dilated
capillaries.
Clinical Features of Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅Smooth or dome-shaped; may
bleed if traumatized.
Management of Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅None required unless for cosmetic
removal (electrocautery or laser).
Seborrheic Keratoses - Answer✅✅Most common epidermal tumor; benign warty-
appearing growths ('Stuck-on,' waxy) proliferations of immature keratinocytes.
Risk factors for Seborrheic Keratoses - Answer✅✅>50, Caucasian, and hx. sun
exposure.
Signs and symptoms of Seborrheic Keratoses - Answer✅✅Start out as a light brown,
flat lesion, with a waxy to warty surface; usually begin < 1cm, but can grow to >2cm.
Basal cell carcinoma - Answer✅✅Comprises 80% of skin cancers; shiny and
translucent papule, they grow slowly and rarely metastasize.
Squamous cell carcinoma - Answer✅✅Comprises 16% of skin cancers; can
metastasize; crusted, scaly, translucent papule, may ulcerated.
Melanoma - Answer✅✅Comprises 4% of skin cancers; characterized by asymmetry,
border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, evolving (ABCDEFG criteria).
Malignant lesion signs - Answer✅✅Change in color, size, or border irregularity,
bleeding or ulceration.
Melanoma Growth Phases - Answer✅✅Radial growth phase (RGP): Lateral spread
of atypical melanocytes—primary stage.
2 Review|Brand New Exam
Questions with 100% Correct Clear
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Acne vulgaris - Answer✅✅Most common cutaneous disorder in the U.S.,
affecting >85% of adolescents.
Pathophysiology of Acne vulgaris - Answer✅✅Disorder of the pilosebaceous unit
involving follicular keratinocyte proliferation, increased sebum production
(androgen-stimulated), Propionibacterium acnes growth (anaerobic diphtheroid
normally found on the skin), and inflammatory response with neutrophil activation.
Mild Acne lesions - Answer✅✅Considered the primary lesion: Open and closed
comedones, occasional papules.
Moderate Acne lesions - Answer✅✅Inflammatory: Comedones, papules, pustules.
Severe Acne lesions - Answer✅✅Nodulocystic acne with pitting and scarring;
considered the secondary lesion.
Common sites for Acne - Answer✅✅Face, neck, chest, upper back, upper arms.
Contributing factors to Acne - Answer✅✅Cosmetics, humidity, sweating, stress.
, Alopecia areata - Answer✅✅Focal hair loss with sudden onset of clearly
demarcated, usually localized, round or oval patches of hair loss leaving smooth skin
without hairs, in children and young adults.
Etiology of Alopecia areata - Answer✅✅Autoimmune reaction targeting hair
follicles.
Differentials for Alopecia areata - Answer✅✅Tinea capitis—scaling patches, 'black
dots'; Telogen effluvium—diffuse shedding.
Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅Benign vascular lesions—small, round, bright red or
purple papules.
Etiology of Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅Common with aging, related to dilated
capillaries.
Clinical Features of Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅Smooth or dome-shaped; may
bleed if traumatized.
Management of Cherry angiomas - Answer✅✅None required unless for cosmetic
removal (electrocautery or laser).
Seborrheic Keratoses - Answer✅✅Most common epidermal tumor; benign warty-
appearing growths ('Stuck-on,' waxy) proliferations of immature keratinocytes.
Risk factors for Seborrheic Keratoses - Answer✅✅>50, Caucasian, and hx. sun
exposure.
Signs and symptoms of Seborrheic Keratoses - Answer✅✅Start out as a light brown,
flat lesion, with a waxy to warty surface; usually begin < 1cm, but can grow to >2cm.
Basal cell carcinoma - Answer✅✅Comprises 80% of skin cancers; shiny and
translucent papule, they grow slowly and rarely metastasize.
Squamous cell carcinoma - Answer✅✅Comprises 16% of skin cancers; can
metastasize; crusted, scaly, translucent papule, may ulcerated.
Melanoma - Answer✅✅Comprises 4% of skin cancers; characterized by asymmetry,
border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, evolving (ABCDEFG criteria).
Malignant lesion signs - Answer✅✅Change in color, size, or border irregularity,
bleeding or ulceration.
Melanoma Growth Phases - Answer✅✅Radial growth phase (RGP): Lateral spread
of atypical melanocytes—primary stage.
