PEDS HEMATOLOGY (2025-2026 Update) Real Past Questions | Solved
Papers Verified Answers, Exams of Clinical Medicine
What is the primary function of blood? - ANSWERTo transport oxygen and
nutrients to cells while removing metabolic waste products.
What are the main components of blood? - ANSWERBlood consists of
plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and
platelets (thrombocytes).
How do children's blood values differ from adults? - ANSWERChildren have
variations in hemoglobin levels, cell counts, and clotting factors based on age.
Where does blood cell production primarily occur in newborns? - ANSWERIn
bony cavities, with hematopoiesis established at birth.
What is the significance of central bone marrow in pediatric blood
production? - ANSWERAs children develop, blood cell production centralizes
in the bone marrow, enhancing production capacity.
What role do genetic factors play in pediatric blood disorders? -
ANSWERGenetic predispositions and inherited factors significantly influence
pediatric hematologic malignancies more than environmental factors.
,What is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency affecting children? -
ANSWERIron deficiency anemia.
What is sickle cell anemia? - ANSWERA genetic disorder causing production
of hemoglobin S, leading to rigid, crescent-shaped red blood cells that
obstruct blood vessels.
What are the characteristics of aplastic anemia? - ANSWERA rare bone
marrow failure syndrome resulting in decreased production of red cells,
white cells, and platelets.
What are the primary functions of red blood cells? - ANSWERTo carry oxygen
throughout the body for approximately 120 days before recycling.
What is the production rate of red blood cells in the bone marrow? -
ANSWERThe bone marrow generates 4-5 billion red blood cells hourly.
What are the three stages of iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWERIron
depletion, iron-deficient erythropoiesis, and iron deficiency anemia.
What are the classifications of anemia based on red blood cell morphology? -
ANSWERMicrocytic, normocytic, and macrocytic.
What impact can anemia have on children? - ANSWERAnemia can impair
physical growth, neurological development, and cognitive function.
, What are the four principal mechanisms through which anemia develops? -
ANSWERDecreased production of red blood cells, structural abnormalities,
bone marrow dysfunction, and blood loss.
What is the definition of anemia? - ANSWERA clinical condition characterized
by reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.
What is the role of leukocytes in the blood? - ANSWERTo orchestrate immune
responses through phagocytosis, antibody production, and inflammatory
mediator release.
What is the function of platelets in the blood? - ANSWERTo initiate
hemostasis through adhesion, aggregation, and release of coagulation
factors.
How does iron deficiency anemia affect hemoglobin levels? - ANSWERIt leads
to critically low hemoglobin levels with smaller, paler red blood cells unable
to meet tissue oxygen demands.
What are the common symptoms of anemia in children? - ANSWERFatigue,
pallor, and decreased academic performance.
What is the primary cause of iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWERInsufficient
dietary iron intake, malabsorption, or chronic blood loss.
What is the lifecycle of red blood cells? - ANSWERRBCs circulate for
approximately 120 days before being removed by macrophages in the spleen.
Papers Verified Answers, Exams of Clinical Medicine
What is the primary function of blood? - ANSWERTo transport oxygen and
nutrients to cells while removing metabolic waste products.
What are the main components of blood? - ANSWERBlood consists of
plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and
platelets (thrombocytes).
How do children's blood values differ from adults? - ANSWERChildren have
variations in hemoglobin levels, cell counts, and clotting factors based on age.
Where does blood cell production primarily occur in newborns? - ANSWERIn
bony cavities, with hematopoiesis established at birth.
What is the significance of central bone marrow in pediatric blood
production? - ANSWERAs children develop, blood cell production centralizes
in the bone marrow, enhancing production capacity.
What role do genetic factors play in pediatric blood disorders? -
ANSWERGenetic predispositions and inherited factors significantly influence
pediatric hematologic malignancies more than environmental factors.
,What is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency affecting children? -
ANSWERIron deficiency anemia.
What is sickle cell anemia? - ANSWERA genetic disorder causing production
of hemoglobin S, leading to rigid, crescent-shaped red blood cells that
obstruct blood vessels.
What are the characteristics of aplastic anemia? - ANSWERA rare bone
marrow failure syndrome resulting in decreased production of red cells,
white cells, and platelets.
What are the primary functions of red blood cells? - ANSWERTo carry oxygen
throughout the body for approximately 120 days before recycling.
What is the production rate of red blood cells in the bone marrow? -
ANSWERThe bone marrow generates 4-5 billion red blood cells hourly.
What are the three stages of iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWERIron
depletion, iron-deficient erythropoiesis, and iron deficiency anemia.
What are the classifications of anemia based on red blood cell morphology? -
ANSWERMicrocytic, normocytic, and macrocytic.
What impact can anemia have on children? - ANSWERAnemia can impair
physical growth, neurological development, and cognitive function.
, What are the four principal mechanisms through which anemia develops? -
ANSWERDecreased production of red blood cells, structural abnormalities,
bone marrow dysfunction, and blood loss.
What is the definition of anemia? - ANSWERA clinical condition characterized
by reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.
What is the role of leukocytes in the blood? - ANSWERTo orchestrate immune
responses through phagocytosis, antibody production, and inflammatory
mediator release.
What is the function of platelets in the blood? - ANSWERTo initiate
hemostasis through adhesion, aggregation, and release of coagulation
factors.
How does iron deficiency anemia affect hemoglobin levels? - ANSWERIt leads
to critically low hemoglobin levels with smaller, paler red blood cells unable
to meet tissue oxygen demands.
What are the common symptoms of anemia in children? - ANSWERFatigue,
pallor, and decreased academic performance.
What is the primary cause of iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWERInsufficient
dietary iron intake, malabsorption, or chronic blood loss.
What is the lifecycle of red blood cells? - ANSWERRBCs circulate for
approximately 120 days before being removed by macrophages in the spleen.
