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Samenvatting ATCase

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Dit is een samenvatting van alles wat in de les gezien is en in de powerpoint staat van het vak Biochemie aan de VUB over de coöperatieve eigenschappen van ATCase. Inclusief: - Wat is het? - Wat doet het? - Structuur - Conformaties - Remming - Coöperativiteit - Evenwichtsbepaling

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Bespreek coöperatieve eigenschappen van ATCase.


 Wat is het?

- ATCase = Aspartaat Transcarbamoylase
- Sleutelregulerend enzym
- 1ste stap in biosynthese van pyrimidines
- Activatie door ATP (purine, allostere activator)
Remming door CTP (pyrimidine, allostere inhibitor)
- Allosterisch = andere plaats

 Wat doet het?

- Bepaalt hoe snel pyrimidines worden gemaakt in de cel.
- Katalyseert 1 specifieke reactie: 1ste stap in de pyrimidinesynthese en dus
van CTP (10 tot 15 stappen).
- Stappen:
1. Substraten binden (carbamoylfosfaat + aspartaat).
2. Nucleofiele aanval van N-aspartaat op C-carbamoylfosfaat.
3. Vorming van tetraëdrisch intermediair (instabiele transitietoestand).
4. Vertrek van fosfaat (Pi).
5. Product carbamoylaspartaat gevormd, enzym herstelt.




 Structuur van ATCase

, - Catalytische subunit:
 Grote subunit, bestaat uit 3 identieke katalytische polypeptideketens
(homotrimeer).
 Trimeer (C3)
 Komt 2 keer voor  2C3
 Wel katalytische activiteit
 CTP bindt hier niet, wel onrechtstreekse invloed
 2 katalytische trimeren (C3) boven op elkaar gestapeld, gelinkt via 3
regulatorische dimeren (R2).

- Regulatorische (allostere) subunit:
 Kleine subunit
 Dimeer (R2)
 Komt 3 keer voor  3R2
 Geen katalytische activiteit
 CTP bindt hier
o 2C3 + 3R2  C6R6
o 6 CTP binden op 1 ATCase voor regulatorische doeleinden
 Elke regulatorische subeenheid bevat structureel domein,
gestabiliseerd door Zn2+, gecoördineerd door 4 cysteïneresiduen.


 2 conformaties

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