Biology Review Exam and All Correct
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Taxonomy Order (Biggest to Smallest) - Answer Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, Species
Cell Wall - Answer strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
Nucleus - Answer a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction
Ribosome - Answer small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA
and protein;
where amino acids are made into proteins
Mitochondria - Answer Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP) from oxygen and
sugar(Cellular respiration);
respiration takes place here
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm
and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production
of lipids;
folded transport system for the cell
Normal Cell Division - Answer 1. DNA (chromosomes) unwinds and is duplicated
2. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
3. Centromeres separate
4. Single stranded chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
5. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
Plant cells - Answer Contain chloroplasts (photosynthesis sites) and vacuoles (water storage
areas) that are not found in animal cells
, Respiration - Answer Animal cells turn carbohydrates, water and oxygen into energy. Waste
product is carbon dioxide.
Mitosis - Answer One cell makes two cells exactly like the first cell;
process by which the nucleus and duplicated chromosomes of a cell divide and are evenly
distributed, forming two daughter nuclei
Diploid - Answer cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a diploid, or
2n, number of chromosomes;
2n-where n is the number of chromosomes
Meiosis - Answer (genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually
reproducing organisms;
One cell makes two gamete cells
2n -> n
Haploid - Answer (genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of
chromosomes;
n - where n is the number of chromosomes
DNA - Answer deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that
determines inherited characteristics;
Base pair matching is:
Adenine bonds ONLY with Thymine,
Thymine bonds ONLY with Adenine,
Cytosine bond ONLY with Guanine
Guanine bond ONLY with Cytosine
DNA Replication - Answer The DNA double helix strand separates and becomes a template
for a new and identical strand. As the strand separates each A pairs with a T and T pairs with an
A while each C pairs with a G and each G pairs with a C. If the original was ACTCAG then the
new strand would be TGAGTC.
Chargaff's Rule - Answer equal amounts of adenine bonds with thymine and equal amount
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Taxonomy Order (Biggest to Smallest) - Answer Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, Species
Cell Wall - Answer strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
Nucleus - Answer a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction
Ribosome - Answer small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA
and protein;
where amino acids are made into proteins
Mitochondria - Answer Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP) from oxygen and
sugar(Cellular respiration);
respiration takes place here
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm
and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production
of lipids;
folded transport system for the cell
Normal Cell Division - Answer 1. DNA (chromosomes) unwinds and is duplicated
2. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
3. Centromeres separate
4. Single stranded chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
5. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
Plant cells - Answer Contain chloroplasts (photosynthesis sites) and vacuoles (water storage
areas) that are not found in animal cells
, Respiration - Answer Animal cells turn carbohydrates, water and oxygen into energy. Waste
product is carbon dioxide.
Mitosis - Answer One cell makes two cells exactly like the first cell;
process by which the nucleus and duplicated chromosomes of a cell divide and are evenly
distributed, forming two daughter nuclei
Diploid - Answer cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a diploid, or
2n, number of chromosomes;
2n-where n is the number of chromosomes
Meiosis - Answer (genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually
reproducing organisms;
One cell makes two gamete cells
2n -> n
Haploid - Answer (genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of
chromosomes;
n - where n is the number of chromosomes
DNA - Answer deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that
determines inherited characteristics;
Base pair matching is:
Adenine bonds ONLY with Thymine,
Thymine bonds ONLY with Adenine,
Cytosine bond ONLY with Guanine
Guanine bond ONLY with Cytosine
DNA Replication - Answer The DNA double helix strand separates and becomes a template
for a new and identical strand. As the strand separates each A pairs with a T and T pairs with an
A while each C pairs with a G and each G pairs with a C. If the original was ACTCAG then the
new strand would be TGAGTC.
Chargaff's Rule - Answer equal amounts of adenine bonds with thymine and equal amount
