CLINICAL CHEMISTRY VITAMINS AND
TRACE ELEMENTS QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
vitaminsA2A,D,E,KA2-A2Ans--FatA2solubleA2vitamins
whichA2typeA2ofA2vitaminA2isA2storedA2forA2longerA2periodsA2ofA2time?A2-A2Ans--
fatA2vitamins
whereA2areA2fatA2solubleA2vitaminsA2stored?A2-A2Ans--liverA2andA2fatA2tissue
vitaminA2b-complex,A2andA2CA2-A2Ans--waterA2solubleA2vitamins
vitaminA2AA2alternateA2nameA2-A2Ans--retinol
vitaminA2AA2primaryA2functionA2-A2Ans--vision
otherA2functionsA2ofA2vitaminA2AA2-A2Ans--
growth,A2development,A2reproduction,A2cellA2division,A2immuneA2system
vitaminA2AA2isA2boundA2withA2-A2Ans--retinol-bindingA2proteinA2(RBP)A2andA2transthyretin
whereA2canA2youA2getA2vitaminA2AA2from?A2-A2Ans--
dietaryA2sources:A2liver,A2fishA2oils,A2full-fatA2dairy.A2yellow-
orangeA2pigmentedA2fruitsA2andA2vegetablesA2andA2greenA2leafyA2vegetables
vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2primarilyA2affectsA2-A2Ans--
infantsA2andA2childrenA2(pretermA2infants,A2hepaticA2accumulationA2duringA2lastA2trimester
)
vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2fatA2malabsorptionA2-A2Ans--
celiacA2disease,A2chronicA2pancreatitis
whatA2diseaseA2canA2vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2cause?A2-A2Ans--liverA2disease
vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2clinicalA2featuresA2-A2Ans--
nightA2blindness,A2ulcerationA2andA2necrosisA2ofA2cornea,A2drynessA2andA2roughnessA2ofA
2skin
whatA2typesA2ofA2testingA2isA2doneA2forA2vitaminA2A?A2-A2Ans--
HPLC,A2RBPA2orA2prealbuminA2toA2assessA2(CRP)
vitaminA2DA2alternativeA2nameA2-A2Ans--Cholecalciferol
, vitaminA2DA2playsA2anA2essentialA2roleA2inA2-A2Ans--calciumA2andA2phosphorusA2control
whereA2canA2youA2acquireA2vitaminA2D?A2-A2Ans--
exposureA2toA2sunlight,A2fishA2oils,A2fattyA2fish,A2eggA2yolks,A2liver,A2andA2fortifiedA2cereals
A2andA2milk
howA2isA2vitaminA2DA2converted?A2-A2Ans--
inA2theA2liverA2toA2formA225(OH)D,A2someA2ofA2whichA2isA2convertedA2toA2itsA2activeA2meta
boliteA21,25(OH)2D
vitaminA2DA2conversionA2happensA2inA2theA2-A2Ans--kidneys
vitaminA2DA2conversionA2isA2regulatedA2byA2-A2Ans--parathyroidA2hormoneA2(PTH)
1,25(OH)2DA2stimulatesA2-A2Ans--calciumA2absorptionA2inA2theA2intestine
vitaminA2DA2deficiencyA2-A2Ans--osteoporosis,A2osteomalacia,A2rickets
vitaminA2DA2measurementA2-A2Ans--
HPLCA2orA2immunoassay.A2whatA2isA2usuallyA2measuredA2isA225(OH)D
vitaminA2EA2alternativeA2nameA2-A2Ans--tocopherol
vitaminA2EA2isA2necessaryA2forA2-A2Ans--
neurologicalA2andA2immuneA2functions,A2protectingA2redA2cellsA2fromA2hemolysis,A2manyA
2antioxidantA2functions
whereA2doA2youA2acquireA2vitaminA2E?A2-A2Ans--oilsA2andA2fats,A2nuts,A2wholeA2grains
vitaminA2EA2deficiencyA2-A2Ans--fatA2malabsorption,A2prematureA2andA2low-birth-
weightA2infants,A2hemolyticA2anemia
vitaminA2EA2measurementA2-A2Ans--HPLC
vitaminA2KA2alternativeA2nameA2-A2Ans--phylloquinone
vitaminA2KA2functionsA2-A2Ans--"dietaryA2antiA2hemorrhagicA2factor"
vitaminA2KA2isA2necessaryA2forA2theA2functionA2ofA2-A2Ans--
prothrombinA2(factorA22),A2factorA2VII,A2IX,A2andA2X
whereA2doA2youA2acquireA2vitaminA2K?A2-A2Ans--
greenA2leafyA2vegetables,A2margarines,A2vegetableA2oils,A2eggs.A2alsoA2producedA2byA2gu
tA2bacteria
TRACE ELEMENTS QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
vitaminsA2A,D,E,KA2-A2Ans--FatA2solubleA2vitamins
whichA2typeA2ofA2vitaminA2isA2storedA2forA2longerA2periodsA2ofA2time?A2-A2Ans--
fatA2vitamins
whereA2areA2fatA2solubleA2vitaminsA2stored?A2-A2Ans--liverA2andA2fatA2tissue
vitaminA2b-complex,A2andA2CA2-A2Ans--waterA2solubleA2vitamins
vitaminA2AA2alternateA2nameA2-A2Ans--retinol
vitaminA2AA2primaryA2functionA2-A2Ans--vision
otherA2functionsA2ofA2vitaminA2AA2-A2Ans--
growth,A2development,A2reproduction,A2cellA2division,A2immuneA2system
vitaminA2AA2isA2boundA2withA2-A2Ans--retinol-bindingA2proteinA2(RBP)A2andA2transthyretin
whereA2canA2youA2getA2vitaminA2AA2from?A2-A2Ans--
dietaryA2sources:A2liver,A2fishA2oils,A2full-fatA2dairy.A2yellow-
orangeA2pigmentedA2fruitsA2andA2vegetablesA2andA2greenA2leafyA2vegetables
vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2primarilyA2affectsA2-A2Ans--
infantsA2andA2childrenA2(pretermA2infants,A2hepaticA2accumulationA2duringA2lastA2trimester
)
vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2fatA2malabsorptionA2-A2Ans--
celiacA2disease,A2chronicA2pancreatitis
whatA2diseaseA2canA2vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2cause?A2-A2Ans--liverA2disease
vitaminA2AA2deficiencyA2clinicalA2featuresA2-A2Ans--
nightA2blindness,A2ulcerationA2andA2necrosisA2ofA2cornea,A2drynessA2andA2roughnessA2ofA
2skin
whatA2typesA2ofA2testingA2isA2doneA2forA2vitaminA2A?A2-A2Ans--
HPLC,A2RBPA2orA2prealbuminA2toA2assessA2(CRP)
vitaminA2DA2alternativeA2nameA2-A2Ans--Cholecalciferol
, vitaminA2DA2playsA2anA2essentialA2roleA2inA2-A2Ans--calciumA2andA2phosphorusA2control
whereA2canA2youA2acquireA2vitaminA2D?A2-A2Ans--
exposureA2toA2sunlight,A2fishA2oils,A2fattyA2fish,A2eggA2yolks,A2liver,A2andA2fortifiedA2cereals
A2andA2milk
howA2isA2vitaminA2DA2converted?A2-A2Ans--
inA2theA2liverA2toA2formA225(OH)D,A2someA2ofA2whichA2isA2convertedA2toA2itsA2activeA2meta
boliteA21,25(OH)2D
vitaminA2DA2conversionA2happensA2inA2theA2-A2Ans--kidneys
vitaminA2DA2conversionA2isA2regulatedA2byA2-A2Ans--parathyroidA2hormoneA2(PTH)
1,25(OH)2DA2stimulatesA2-A2Ans--calciumA2absorptionA2inA2theA2intestine
vitaminA2DA2deficiencyA2-A2Ans--osteoporosis,A2osteomalacia,A2rickets
vitaminA2DA2measurementA2-A2Ans--
HPLCA2orA2immunoassay.A2whatA2isA2usuallyA2measuredA2isA225(OH)D
vitaminA2EA2alternativeA2nameA2-A2Ans--tocopherol
vitaminA2EA2isA2necessaryA2forA2-A2Ans--
neurologicalA2andA2immuneA2functions,A2protectingA2redA2cellsA2fromA2hemolysis,A2manyA
2antioxidantA2functions
whereA2doA2youA2acquireA2vitaminA2E?A2-A2Ans--oilsA2andA2fats,A2nuts,A2wholeA2grains
vitaminA2EA2deficiencyA2-A2Ans--fatA2malabsorption,A2prematureA2andA2low-birth-
weightA2infants,A2hemolyticA2anemia
vitaminA2EA2measurementA2-A2Ans--HPLC
vitaminA2KA2alternativeA2nameA2-A2Ans--phylloquinone
vitaminA2KA2functionsA2-A2Ans--"dietaryA2antiA2hemorrhagicA2factor"
vitaminA2KA2isA2necessaryA2forA2theA2functionA2ofA2-A2Ans--
prothrombinA2(factorA22),A2factorA2VII,A2IX,A2andA2X
whereA2doA2youA2acquireA2vitaminA2K?A2-A2Ans--
greenA2leafyA2vegetables,A2margarines,A2vegetableA2oils,A2eggs.A2alsoA2producedA2byA2gu
tA2bacteria
