NREMT Practice Test Bank EXAM 2026-2027\NEWEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS \VERSIFIED 100%
ALREADY GRADED A+ \El Camino Community
College District (FTEC 144)
You are called to an assisted living center where an You selected C; This is correct!
attendant found a 72-year-old man unresponsive. The
patient had recent hip surgery and has been taking Reason:Vicodin is a combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen (APAP), the
Vicodin for pain. His respirations are slow and shallow active ingredient in Tylenol. Hydrocodone is a potent narcotic analgesic. When
and his pulse is slow and weak. You should: taken in excess, it can suppress the central nervous system and cause respiratory
• A:apply the AED in case he develops cardiac arrest. depression, bradycardia, and hypotension. Initial management of any patient who
• B:request an ALS ambulance to respond to the scene. has overdosed on a medication of this type is to ensure a patent airway and
• C:begin ventilation assistance with a bag-mask device. support breathing. Because the patient is breathing inadequately (slow and
• D:apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. shallow), immediate ventilation assistance is needed. Consider requesting an ALS
ambulance if transport time to the nearest hospital will be lengthy. Paramedics
can administer a drug called naloxone (Narcan) to reverse the effects of narcotic
drugs. The AED is not indicated for this patient; it is only applied to patients in
cardiac arrest.
In the patient with diabetes, insulin shock typically The correct answer is A;
presents with:
• A:clammy skin and a rapid onset. Reason:In the patient with diabetes, insulin shock (hypoglycemic crisis) presents
• B:dry skin and a slow onset. with cool, clammy skin and a rapid onset. The brain is critically dependent on
• C:dry skin and a rapid onset. glucose and responds quickly when the body is in short supply. Diabetic coma
• D:clammy skin and a slow onset. (hyperglycemic crisis) typically presents with warm, dry skin and a slow onset,
sometimes occurring over a period of days.
Your FIRST action in managing a patient with an altered You selected A; This is correct!
mental status should be to:
Reason:When treating a patient with an altered mental status, you must first ensure
• A:determine if the patient is breathing adequately. a patent airway and determine if the patient is breathing adequately. If the patient
• B:administer one tube of oral glucose. is breathing adequately, administer supplemental oxygen and continue your
• C:administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. assessment. If the patient is not breathing adequately (ie, fast or slow rate, shallow
• D:ask a family member how the patient normally acts. breathing [reduced tidal volume]), assist his or her ventilations. It is important to
ask a family member, if available, how the patient normally acts; this will help
establish a baseline. Before administering oral glucose, you should assess the
patient's blood glucose level to determine if hypoglycemia is the cause of his or
her problem and then decide if the patient is able to swallow the glucose, if
indicated. If the patient is unable to swallow, do not administer oral glucose, even
if he or she is hypoglycemic. Request a paramedic ambulance if possible so the
patient can receive intravenous glucose.
,A patient who overdosed on methamphetamine would You selected C; The correct answer is D;
be expected to have all of the following clinical signs,
EXCEPT: Reason:Methamphetamine, an upper, stimulates the central nervous system,
• A:agitation. causing it to release excessive amounts of adrenaline (epinephrine). Epinephrine
• B:hypertension. increases heart rate and blood pressure; therefore, the patient would experience
• C:dilated pupils. tachycardia and hypertension. Other signs of methamphetamine overdose, which
• D:bradycardia. also indicate an adrenaline surge, include pupillary dilation, agitation, and
hyperthermia. Bradycardia would be expected in patients who have overdosed
on drugs that suppress, not stimulate, the central nervous system (eg, narcotics,
benzodiazepines, barbiturates).
A 50-year-old woman with a history of epilepsy is actively You selected A; This is correct!
seizing. Care for this patient should focus primarily on:
• A:protecting her from injury and ensuring adequate Reason:Seizure deaths are most frequently the result of hypoxia. When a person is
ventilation. actively seizing, he or she is not breathing adequately. Your primary focus when
• B:administering high-flow oxygen and requesting an treating a seizure patient is to protect him or her from injury and to ensure
ALS ambulance. adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Many seizing patients require assisted
• C:frequently suctioning her airway and carefully ventilation. Suction the oropharynx only if the patient has secretions in his or her
restraining her. mouth. Do NOT insert anything into the mouth of a seizing patient; doing so may
• D:placing a bite block in between her molars and giving cause an airway obstruction or damage the soft tissues of the mouth, resulting in
her oxygen. bleeding. Do not attempt to restrain an actively seizing patient; doing so may
result in musculoskeletal injuries. Request an ALS ambulance per your local
protocols.
When you arrive at a residence for a man who is "not You selected A; This is correct!
acting right," you enter the house and find him sitting on
his couch. Which of the following findings would be Reason:Often, an altered mental status can be difficult to assess, especially if you
MOST indicative of an altered mental status? do not know how the patient normally acts. However, there are key findings that
• A:Slurred speech. should increase your index of suspicion. An abnormal speech pattern, such as
• B:Tired appearance. slurring or incoherent words, can be the result of a diabetic problem, alcohol
• C:Odor of alcohol. intoxication, or drug ingestion. All of these can cause an altered mental status. The
• D:Eyes are closed. odor of alcohol suggests intoxication as a potential cause of his problem, but
cannot be quantified. Just because the patient's eyes or closed or he has a tired
appearance does not necessarily indicate that he has an altered mental status.
Hypoxia-induced unresponsiveness during a submersion You selected C; This is correct!
injury is usually the result of:
• A:a cardiac dysrhythmia. Reason: When a patient falls into the water or becomes panicked when in the
• B:associated hypothermia. water, he or she begins to swallow large amounts of water. Even a small amount of
• C:laryngospasm. water near the larynx can cause a spasm, which closes off the airway. This results
• D:water in the lungs. in hypoxia, loss of consciousness, and cardiac dysrhythmias. If the patient is not
removed from the water at once and treated aggressively, hypoxia and acidosis
will eventually result in cardiac arrest.
Which of the following conditions would MOST likely You selected D; This is correct!
cause flushed skin?
• A:Low blood pressure Reason:Whenever the body temperature rises (ie, heat exposure, fever), the
• B:Blood loss peripheral blood vessels dilate, which draws warm blood to the skin and gives it a
• C:Hypothermia flushed (red) appearance. Blood loss, shock, low blood pressure (hypotension),
• D:Exposure to heat and hypothermia generally cause the skin to become pale; these conditions
cause peripheral vasoconstriction, which shunts blood away from the skin.
,Which of the following mechanisms cause respiratory and You selected C; This is correct!
circulatory collapse during anaphylactic shock?
• A:Bronchodilation and vasodilation Reason:During anaphylaxis, histamines released from the immune system cause
• B:Bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction two negative effects that result in shock (hypoperfusion): vasodilation, which
• C:Bronchoconstriction and vasodilation causes the blood pressure to fall and bronchoconstriction, which impairs
• D:Bronchodilation and vasoconstriction breathing.
A 50-year-old female complains of severe pain to the You selected A; This is correct!
right lower quadrant of her abdomen. You should:
• A:palpate the left upper quadrant of her abdomen first. Reason:When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, determine where the pain
• B:keep her supine with her legs fully extended. is most severe (in this case, the right lower quadrant) and then palpate the
• C:quickly palpate that area first to assess for rigidity. quadrant furthest from that area first (in this case, the left upper quadrant). If you
• D:suspect that she has an acute problem with her liver. palpate the painful area first, the patient is less likely to allow you to assess the
remainder of his or her abdomen; it also causes the patient unnecessary pain. Pain
to the right lower quadrant suggests a problem with the appendix (eg,
appendicitis), not the liver. Patients with abdominal pain commonly prefer to lie on
their side with their legs drawn into their abdomen; this position often provides
pain relief by taking pressure off of the abdominal muscles. If the patient prefers
this position, do not discourage it.
A 30-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia cut his You selected D; This is correct!
wrists and is bleeding profusely. He is confused,
combative, and has slurred speech. With the assistance of Reason:An adult with decision-making capacity (ie, a mentally competent adult)
law enforcement personnel, you and your partner has the legal right to refuse medical treatment, even if that treatment involves
physically restrain him in order to provide care and lifesaving care. In psychiatric cases, however, a court of law would likely consider
transport. In this situation, a court of law would MOST your actions in providing lifesaving care to be appropriate, particularly if you have
likely: a reasonable belief that the patient would harm him- or herself or others without
• A:conclude that you should have had a court order to your intervention. In addition, a patient who is in any way impaired, whether by
restrain. mental illness, medical condition, or intoxication, may not be considered
• B:determine that the patient had decision-making competent to refuse treatment and transport. If you are unsure of a patient's
capacity. decision-making capacity, err on the side of treatment and transport. Few would
• C:agree that you and your partner are guilty of assault argue that it would be easier to defend why you treated a patient than to justify or
and battery. defend why you abandoned a patient.
• D:consider your actions in providing care to be
appropriate.
After removing a patient from the water, your assessment You selected C; This is correct!
reveals that he is not breathing and is continuously
regurgitating large amounts of water. You should: Reason:In cases where a patient is not breathing and is regurgitating (passively
• A:perform abdominal thrusts to remove the water. vomiting) secretions at the same time, you must address both issues. This is
• B:begin rescue breathing after he stops regurgitating. accomplished most effectively by suctioning for 15 seconds and then ventilating
• C:alternate suctioning with artificial ventilations. for 2 minutes. This alternating sequence should be repeated until all secretions are
• D:place him on his side and press on his abdomen. cleared from the airway. You should turn the patient onto his side to facilitate
drainage of liquid, but do not apply pressure to his abdomen. Manual gastric
decompression, which involves applying pressure to the patient's abdomen, is a
dangerous maneuver because it will force more water from the stomach, which
the patient could potentially aspirate. Manual gastric decompression should
ONLY be performed if gastric distention is so severe that it is impossible to
ventilate a patient AND a paramedic is not present to insert a gastric tube into the
stomach. Abdominal thrusts are used to remove a solid foreign body from the
airway, not liquid.
, Approximately 5 minutes after being stung by a bee, a 21- You selected C; This is correct!
year-old male develops hives and begins experiencing
difficulty breathing. When you arrive at the scene, you Reason: The patient is in anaphylactic shock and needs epinephrine immediately.
note that his level of consciousness is decreased, his Epinephrine is given to patients with anaphylactic shock because it constricts the
breathing is labored, and wheezing can be heard without blood vessels and dilates the bronchioles, thus improving perfusion and
a stethoscope. The patient has a bee sting kit, but has not breathing. Begin assisting his ventilations with a bag-mask device; his breathing is
used it. You should: inadequate (eg, decreased LOC, wheezing, labored breathing). After receiving
• A:give him high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, permission from medical control, give the epinephrine from his bee sting kit
cover him with a blanket and elevate his legs, and assist (AnaKit) via intramuscular injection and transport at once. Some EMS protocols
him in swallowing the antihistamine tablets that are in his may not require you to contact medical control before giving epinephrine to a
bee sting kit. patient whose condition is critical. Ordinarily, you would instruct the patient to
• B:provide positive-pressure ventilations, initiate rapid chew and swallow the antihistamine tablets after giving epinephrine. However, the
transport, and coordinate a rendezvous with a paramedic patient's level of consciousness contraindicates placing anything in his mouth.
unit so they can administer the epinephrine from his bee
sting kit.
• C:assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device,
administer epinephrine from his bee sting kit after
receiving approval from medical control, and prepare for
immediate transport.
• D:administer high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing
mask, apply a chemical cold pack to the sting, transport
at once, and be prepared to administer the epinephrine
from his bee sting kit.
Which of the following signs is LEAST suggestive of a You selected B; This is correct!
diabetic emergency?
• A:Fruity breath odor Reason:Bradycardia is not commonly associated with either hyperglycemia or
• B:Bradycardia hypoglycemia. Tachycardia and combativeness can occur in patients with
• C:Combativeness hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. A fruity breath odor is noted exclusively in
• D:Tachycardia patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (diabetic coma, hyperglycemic crisis).
A 46-year-old man presents with generalized weakness The correct answer is C;
and shortness of breath after he was bitten on the leg by
a rattlesnake. His blood pressure is 106/58 mm Hg and his Reason:Care for a patient with a bite from a pit viper (rattlesnake, copperhead,
pulse rate is 112 beats/min. In addition to supplemental water moccasin) includes keeping the patient calm, administering supplemental
oxygen, further treatment for this patient should include: oxygen, splinting the affected part, and keeping it below the level of the heart.
• A:ice packs to the wound and splinting. Do NOT apply ice to a snakebite; this will cause local vasoconstriction and may
• B:proximal arterial constricting band and splinting. force the venom deeper into the patient's circulation. If a constricting band is
• C:splinting and lowering of the affected part. applied, it should be proximal to the bite and should be tight enough to slow
• D:elevation of the affected part and ice packs. venous return only, not cut off arterial supply.
Which of the following is a later sign of hepatitis? You selected B; This is correct!
• A:Fever and vomiting
• B:Jaundice Reason: Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include loss of appetite
• C:Loss of appetite (anorexia), vomiting, fever, fatigue, and muscle and joint pain. Jaundice (yellow
• D:Fatigue sclera and skin) and right upper quadrant abdominal pain are not common early
manifestations of hepatitis; they usually develop within 1 to 2 weeks into the
disease process.
VERSION WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS \VERSIFIED 100%
ALREADY GRADED A+ \El Camino Community
College District (FTEC 144)
You are called to an assisted living center where an You selected C; This is correct!
attendant found a 72-year-old man unresponsive. The
patient had recent hip surgery and has been taking Reason:Vicodin is a combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen (APAP), the
Vicodin for pain. His respirations are slow and shallow active ingredient in Tylenol. Hydrocodone is a potent narcotic analgesic. When
and his pulse is slow and weak. You should: taken in excess, it can suppress the central nervous system and cause respiratory
• A:apply the AED in case he develops cardiac arrest. depression, bradycardia, and hypotension. Initial management of any patient who
• B:request an ALS ambulance to respond to the scene. has overdosed on a medication of this type is to ensure a patent airway and
• C:begin ventilation assistance with a bag-mask device. support breathing. Because the patient is breathing inadequately (slow and
• D:apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. shallow), immediate ventilation assistance is needed. Consider requesting an ALS
ambulance if transport time to the nearest hospital will be lengthy. Paramedics
can administer a drug called naloxone (Narcan) to reverse the effects of narcotic
drugs. The AED is not indicated for this patient; it is only applied to patients in
cardiac arrest.
In the patient with diabetes, insulin shock typically The correct answer is A;
presents with:
• A:clammy skin and a rapid onset. Reason:In the patient with diabetes, insulin shock (hypoglycemic crisis) presents
• B:dry skin and a slow onset. with cool, clammy skin and a rapid onset. The brain is critically dependent on
• C:dry skin and a rapid onset. glucose and responds quickly when the body is in short supply. Diabetic coma
• D:clammy skin and a slow onset. (hyperglycemic crisis) typically presents with warm, dry skin and a slow onset,
sometimes occurring over a period of days.
Your FIRST action in managing a patient with an altered You selected A; This is correct!
mental status should be to:
Reason:When treating a patient with an altered mental status, you must first ensure
• A:determine if the patient is breathing adequately. a patent airway and determine if the patient is breathing adequately. If the patient
• B:administer one tube of oral glucose. is breathing adequately, administer supplemental oxygen and continue your
• C:administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. assessment. If the patient is not breathing adequately (ie, fast or slow rate, shallow
• D:ask a family member how the patient normally acts. breathing [reduced tidal volume]), assist his or her ventilations. It is important to
ask a family member, if available, how the patient normally acts; this will help
establish a baseline. Before administering oral glucose, you should assess the
patient's blood glucose level to determine if hypoglycemia is the cause of his or
her problem and then decide if the patient is able to swallow the glucose, if
indicated. If the patient is unable to swallow, do not administer oral glucose, even
if he or she is hypoglycemic. Request a paramedic ambulance if possible so the
patient can receive intravenous glucose.
,A patient who overdosed on methamphetamine would You selected C; The correct answer is D;
be expected to have all of the following clinical signs,
EXCEPT: Reason:Methamphetamine, an upper, stimulates the central nervous system,
• A:agitation. causing it to release excessive amounts of adrenaline (epinephrine). Epinephrine
• B:hypertension. increases heart rate and blood pressure; therefore, the patient would experience
• C:dilated pupils. tachycardia and hypertension. Other signs of methamphetamine overdose, which
• D:bradycardia. also indicate an adrenaline surge, include pupillary dilation, agitation, and
hyperthermia. Bradycardia would be expected in patients who have overdosed
on drugs that suppress, not stimulate, the central nervous system (eg, narcotics,
benzodiazepines, barbiturates).
A 50-year-old woman with a history of epilepsy is actively You selected A; This is correct!
seizing. Care for this patient should focus primarily on:
• A:protecting her from injury and ensuring adequate Reason:Seizure deaths are most frequently the result of hypoxia. When a person is
ventilation. actively seizing, he or she is not breathing adequately. Your primary focus when
• B:administering high-flow oxygen and requesting an treating a seizure patient is to protect him or her from injury and to ensure
ALS ambulance. adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Many seizing patients require assisted
• C:frequently suctioning her airway and carefully ventilation. Suction the oropharynx only if the patient has secretions in his or her
restraining her. mouth. Do NOT insert anything into the mouth of a seizing patient; doing so may
• D:placing a bite block in between her molars and giving cause an airway obstruction or damage the soft tissues of the mouth, resulting in
her oxygen. bleeding. Do not attempt to restrain an actively seizing patient; doing so may
result in musculoskeletal injuries. Request an ALS ambulance per your local
protocols.
When you arrive at a residence for a man who is "not You selected A; This is correct!
acting right," you enter the house and find him sitting on
his couch. Which of the following findings would be Reason:Often, an altered mental status can be difficult to assess, especially if you
MOST indicative of an altered mental status? do not know how the patient normally acts. However, there are key findings that
• A:Slurred speech. should increase your index of suspicion. An abnormal speech pattern, such as
• B:Tired appearance. slurring or incoherent words, can be the result of a diabetic problem, alcohol
• C:Odor of alcohol. intoxication, or drug ingestion. All of these can cause an altered mental status. The
• D:Eyes are closed. odor of alcohol suggests intoxication as a potential cause of his problem, but
cannot be quantified. Just because the patient's eyes or closed or he has a tired
appearance does not necessarily indicate that he has an altered mental status.
Hypoxia-induced unresponsiveness during a submersion You selected C; This is correct!
injury is usually the result of:
• A:a cardiac dysrhythmia. Reason: When a patient falls into the water or becomes panicked when in the
• B:associated hypothermia. water, he or she begins to swallow large amounts of water. Even a small amount of
• C:laryngospasm. water near the larynx can cause a spasm, which closes off the airway. This results
• D:water in the lungs. in hypoxia, loss of consciousness, and cardiac dysrhythmias. If the patient is not
removed from the water at once and treated aggressively, hypoxia and acidosis
will eventually result in cardiac arrest.
Which of the following conditions would MOST likely You selected D; This is correct!
cause flushed skin?
• A:Low blood pressure Reason:Whenever the body temperature rises (ie, heat exposure, fever), the
• B:Blood loss peripheral blood vessels dilate, which draws warm blood to the skin and gives it a
• C:Hypothermia flushed (red) appearance. Blood loss, shock, low blood pressure (hypotension),
• D:Exposure to heat and hypothermia generally cause the skin to become pale; these conditions
cause peripheral vasoconstriction, which shunts blood away from the skin.
,Which of the following mechanisms cause respiratory and You selected C; This is correct!
circulatory collapse during anaphylactic shock?
• A:Bronchodilation and vasodilation Reason:During anaphylaxis, histamines released from the immune system cause
• B:Bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction two negative effects that result in shock (hypoperfusion): vasodilation, which
• C:Bronchoconstriction and vasodilation causes the blood pressure to fall and bronchoconstriction, which impairs
• D:Bronchodilation and vasoconstriction breathing.
A 50-year-old female complains of severe pain to the You selected A; This is correct!
right lower quadrant of her abdomen. You should:
• A:palpate the left upper quadrant of her abdomen first. Reason:When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, determine where the pain
• B:keep her supine with her legs fully extended. is most severe (in this case, the right lower quadrant) and then palpate the
• C:quickly palpate that area first to assess for rigidity. quadrant furthest from that area first (in this case, the left upper quadrant). If you
• D:suspect that she has an acute problem with her liver. palpate the painful area first, the patient is less likely to allow you to assess the
remainder of his or her abdomen; it also causes the patient unnecessary pain. Pain
to the right lower quadrant suggests a problem with the appendix (eg,
appendicitis), not the liver. Patients with abdominal pain commonly prefer to lie on
their side with their legs drawn into their abdomen; this position often provides
pain relief by taking pressure off of the abdominal muscles. If the patient prefers
this position, do not discourage it.
A 30-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia cut his You selected D; This is correct!
wrists and is bleeding profusely. He is confused,
combative, and has slurred speech. With the assistance of Reason:An adult with decision-making capacity (ie, a mentally competent adult)
law enforcement personnel, you and your partner has the legal right to refuse medical treatment, even if that treatment involves
physically restrain him in order to provide care and lifesaving care. In psychiatric cases, however, a court of law would likely consider
transport. In this situation, a court of law would MOST your actions in providing lifesaving care to be appropriate, particularly if you have
likely: a reasonable belief that the patient would harm him- or herself or others without
• A:conclude that you should have had a court order to your intervention. In addition, a patient who is in any way impaired, whether by
restrain. mental illness, medical condition, or intoxication, may not be considered
• B:determine that the patient had decision-making competent to refuse treatment and transport. If you are unsure of a patient's
capacity. decision-making capacity, err on the side of treatment and transport. Few would
• C:agree that you and your partner are guilty of assault argue that it would be easier to defend why you treated a patient than to justify or
and battery. defend why you abandoned a patient.
• D:consider your actions in providing care to be
appropriate.
After removing a patient from the water, your assessment You selected C; This is correct!
reveals that he is not breathing and is continuously
regurgitating large amounts of water. You should: Reason:In cases where a patient is not breathing and is regurgitating (passively
• A:perform abdominal thrusts to remove the water. vomiting) secretions at the same time, you must address both issues. This is
• B:begin rescue breathing after he stops regurgitating. accomplished most effectively by suctioning for 15 seconds and then ventilating
• C:alternate suctioning with artificial ventilations. for 2 minutes. This alternating sequence should be repeated until all secretions are
• D:place him on his side and press on his abdomen. cleared from the airway. You should turn the patient onto his side to facilitate
drainage of liquid, but do not apply pressure to his abdomen. Manual gastric
decompression, which involves applying pressure to the patient's abdomen, is a
dangerous maneuver because it will force more water from the stomach, which
the patient could potentially aspirate. Manual gastric decompression should
ONLY be performed if gastric distention is so severe that it is impossible to
ventilate a patient AND a paramedic is not present to insert a gastric tube into the
stomach. Abdominal thrusts are used to remove a solid foreign body from the
airway, not liquid.
, Approximately 5 minutes after being stung by a bee, a 21- You selected C; This is correct!
year-old male develops hives and begins experiencing
difficulty breathing. When you arrive at the scene, you Reason: The patient is in anaphylactic shock and needs epinephrine immediately.
note that his level of consciousness is decreased, his Epinephrine is given to patients with anaphylactic shock because it constricts the
breathing is labored, and wheezing can be heard without blood vessels and dilates the bronchioles, thus improving perfusion and
a stethoscope. The patient has a bee sting kit, but has not breathing. Begin assisting his ventilations with a bag-mask device; his breathing is
used it. You should: inadequate (eg, decreased LOC, wheezing, labored breathing). After receiving
• A:give him high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, permission from medical control, give the epinephrine from his bee sting kit
cover him with a blanket and elevate his legs, and assist (AnaKit) via intramuscular injection and transport at once. Some EMS protocols
him in swallowing the antihistamine tablets that are in his may not require you to contact medical control before giving epinephrine to a
bee sting kit. patient whose condition is critical. Ordinarily, you would instruct the patient to
• B:provide positive-pressure ventilations, initiate rapid chew and swallow the antihistamine tablets after giving epinephrine. However, the
transport, and coordinate a rendezvous with a paramedic patient's level of consciousness contraindicates placing anything in his mouth.
unit so they can administer the epinephrine from his bee
sting kit.
• C:assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device,
administer epinephrine from his bee sting kit after
receiving approval from medical control, and prepare for
immediate transport.
• D:administer high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing
mask, apply a chemical cold pack to the sting, transport
at once, and be prepared to administer the epinephrine
from his bee sting kit.
Which of the following signs is LEAST suggestive of a You selected B; This is correct!
diabetic emergency?
• A:Fruity breath odor Reason:Bradycardia is not commonly associated with either hyperglycemia or
• B:Bradycardia hypoglycemia. Tachycardia and combativeness can occur in patients with
• C:Combativeness hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. A fruity breath odor is noted exclusively in
• D:Tachycardia patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (diabetic coma, hyperglycemic crisis).
A 46-year-old man presents with generalized weakness The correct answer is C;
and shortness of breath after he was bitten on the leg by
a rattlesnake. His blood pressure is 106/58 mm Hg and his Reason:Care for a patient with a bite from a pit viper (rattlesnake, copperhead,
pulse rate is 112 beats/min. In addition to supplemental water moccasin) includes keeping the patient calm, administering supplemental
oxygen, further treatment for this patient should include: oxygen, splinting the affected part, and keeping it below the level of the heart.
• A:ice packs to the wound and splinting. Do NOT apply ice to a snakebite; this will cause local vasoconstriction and may
• B:proximal arterial constricting band and splinting. force the venom deeper into the patient's circulation. If a constricting band is
• C:splinting and lowering of the affected part. applied, it should be proximal to the bite and should be tight enough to slow
• D:elevation of the affected part and ice packs. venous return only, not cut off arterial supply.
Which of the following is a later sign of hepatitis? You selected B; This is correct!
• A:Fever and vomiting
• B:Jaundice Reason: Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include loss of appetite
• C:Loss of appetite (anorexia), vomiting, fever, fatigue, and muscle and joint pain. Jaundice (yellow
• D:Fatigue sclera and skin) and right upper quadrant abdominal pain are not common early
manifestations of hepatitis; they usually develop within 1 to 2 weeks into the
disease process.
