PHAR 100 MIDTERM ACTUAL 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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Terms in this set (166)
Key historical influences to -Civilizations: Greece, Egypt, China
pharmacology -Poison: Curare, Ergot
-Religion
Why was zinc oxide an important currently found in topical creams (i.e. calamine)
compound
What did ancient greece, egypt, and greece - opium - codeine + morphine
china contribute egypt - senna, purgatives
china - ephedrine (asthma)
What is Curare's function as a poison poison = paralysis/death, drug = anesthesia
+ pharmaceutical
What is Ergot's function as a poison + poison = mental frenzy, burning limbs, uterus
pharmaceutical contraction
pharm = ergotamine: treats migraines, ergonovine:
arrests uterine bleeding after childbirth
What did Paul Ehrlich design organoarsenicals - binds to parasites = cure for
syphillis
, Name 9 basic drug development 1- drug discovery
steps 2- pre-clinical
3- clinical trial: initial steps
4- phase 1: young healthy people
5- phase 2: people affected by disesase (~500 ppl)
6- phase 3: people affected by disease (1000+)
7- Health Canda review
8- Manufacturing
9 - Phase 4: tests over long period/taken
concurrently w/ other drugs
Name 6 advertising techniques -before/after
-fear
-offer an easy solution
-attention catching
-celeb endorsement
-discredit other manufacturers
Name 3 drug targets -receptors
-chemical rxn
-physical/chemical forces
Explain ED50 The dose that gives 50% of max. response
What are factors that contribute to Excretion: kidney (80%+ of drugs), must be water
the removal of the drug from the soluble (conversion needed) Biotransformation in
body liver, metabolism, feces (GI tract), saliva, sweat,
milk,
Define efficacy the max pharmacological response that can be
produced by a specific drug in that bio system
Define potency The dose of a drug required to produce a certain
response (usually 50% of max)
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Save
Terms in this set (166)
Key historical influences to -Civilizations: Greece, Egypt, China
pharmacology -Poison: Curare, Ergot
-Religion
Why was zinc oxide an important currently found in topical creams (i.e. calamine)
compound
What did ancient greece, egypt, and greece - opium - codeine + morphine
china contribute egypt - senna, purgatives
china - ephedrine (asthma)
What is Curare's function as a poison poison = paralysis/death, drug = anesthesia
+ pharmaceutical
What is Ergot's function as a poison + poison = mental frenzy, burning limbs, uterus
pharmaceutical contraction
pharm = ergotamine: treats migraines, ergonovine:
arrests uterine bleeding after childbirth
What did Paul Ehrlich design organoarsenicals - binds to parasites = cure for
syphillis
, Name 9 basic drug development 1- drug discovery
steps 2- pre-clinical
3- clinical trial: initial steps
4- phase 1: young healthy people
5- phase 2: people affected by disesase (~500 ppl)
6- phase 3: people affected by disease (1000+)
7- Health Canda review
8- Manufacturing
9 - Phase 4: tests over long period/taken
concurrently w/ other drugs
Name 6 advertising techniques -before/after
-fear
-offer an easy solution
-attention catching
-celeb endorsement
-discredit other manufacturers
Name 3 drug targets -receptors
-chemical rxn
-physical/chemical forces
Explain ED50 The dose that gives 50% of max. response
What are factors that contribute to Excretion: kidney (80%+ of drugs), must be water
the removal of the drug from the soluble (conversion needed) Biotransformation in
body liver, metabolism, feces (GI tract), saliva, sweat,
milk,
Define efficacy the max pharmacological response that can be
produced by a specific drug in that bio system
Define potency The dose of a drug required to produce a certain
response (usually 50% of max)
