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Discrete Trial Training - CORRECT ANSWER-DTT - Structured
instructional methodology used to teach new behaviors
Designed to maximize a learner's potential by presenting information in
a three-part teaching unit.
Based on Antecedent - Behavior - Consequence format.
A - B - C (Stimulus - Response - Consequence)
Main objective is to teach children how to learn from their natural
environment and make learning reinforcing.
Errorless Learning - CORRECT ANSWER-Teaching procedures that are
designed in such a way that the learning does not have to - and does
not - make mistakes as she or he learns new information or procedures.
DTT is Errorless Learning.
Skinnner: "Errors are not necessary for learning to occur."
,Discriminative Stimulus (SD) - CORRECT ANSWER-Used in DTT:
Environmental cue or instruction that signals that reinforcement is
available for a target behavior.
Response (R) - CORRECT ANSWER-Used in DTT: The behavior in which
an individual engages. 4 types of response:
1. Correct
2. Incorrect
3. Non-Response
4. Prompted
Reinforcing Stimulus (SR) - CORRECT ANSWER-Used in DTT: The
consequence following the individual's response that changes the
future likelihood with which the behavior will recur.
Reinforcement should be given for a correct response.
Should be delivered immediately (0 - 5 seconds is ideal).
Inter-Trial Interval - CORRECT ANSWER-The time interval between
presentation of the consequence for one trial and the presentation of
the SD for the next trial.
,Prompt Hierarchy - CORRECT ANSWER-The so called "pyramid" of the
various levels of prompting.
We need to establish a hierarchy of prompts from the least to most or
most to least intrusive for each instructional task.
Transfer of Stimulus Control - CORRECT ANSWER-Process by which
prompts are removed once the target behavior is occurring in the
presence of the SD.
Prompt Fading - CORRECT ANSWER-The gradual elimination of a
stimulus prompt as the behavior continues to occur in the presence of
the SD.
Stimulus Fading - CORRECT ANSWER-Exaggerate some physical
dimension of the relevant stimulus to help the individual respond
correctly.
Prompt is within the stimulus itself.
Can be used for color or size determination.
, Discrimination Training - CORRECT ANSWER-Procedure to teach
between two targets.
Trial training using phases.
(i.e. phases 1 - 6 Mass Trials of target, Block Trials, and Random
Rotation)
Shaping - CORRECT ANSWER-A process by which one systematically and
differentially reinforces successive approximations to a terminal
behavior.
Chaining - CORRECT ANSWER-A specific sequence of discrete responses,
each associated with a particular stimulus condition.
When components are linked together, they form a chain that produces
a terminal outcome.
Task Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Involves breaking a complex skill into
smaller, teachable units, the product of which is a series of sequentially
ordered steps or tasks.